Vestnik dermatologii i venerologiiVestnik dermatologii i venerologii0042-46092313-6294Rossijskoe Obschestvo Dermatovenerologov i Kosmetologov133010.25208/vdv1330Review ArticleThe role of cells of the innate immune system in psoriasisSorokinaEkaterina V.<p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p>sorokina-cathrine@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1188-6578BishevaIrina V.ibisheva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8143-7356I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and SeraFederal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia2311202298559641605202220092022Copyright © 2022, Sorokina E.V., Bisheva I.V.2022<p>Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease with a complex pathogenesis. The close relationship between the development of psoriasis and the adaptive immune response is already known. However, recent data have shown that innate immune cells also play an important role in the development of psoriasis. Congenital lymphoid cells, dendritic cells, T cells, NK cells, and NKT lymphocytes are activated in psoriasis, contributing to disease pathology through IL-17-dependent and independent mechanisms. During disease progression, T cells secrete proinflammatory cytokines that induce and exacerbate the course of psoriasis. T cells have memory cell properties that respond rapidly to secondary stimulation, which contributes to disease relapse. This article presents an overview of recent findings demonstrating the role of innate immunity in psoriasis.</p>psoriasisinnate immunityγδ T cellsNK cellsNKT lymphocytesпсориаз, врожденный иммунитетγδ Т-клеткиNK-клеткиNKT-лимфоциты[Keijsers RRMC, Joosten I, Erp PEJ van, Koenen HJPM, Kerkhof PCM van de. Cellular sources of IL-17 in psoriasis: a paradigm shift? Exp Dermatol. 2014;23(11):799–803. doi: 10.1111/exd.12487][Hirota K, Ahlfors H, Duarte J, Stockinger B. Regulation and function of innate and adaptive interleukin-17-producing cells. EMBO Rep. 2012;13(2):113–120. doi: 10.1038/embor.2011.248][Sato Y, Ogawa E, Okuyama R. Role of Innate Immune Cells in Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(18):6604. doi: 10.3390/ijms21186604][Spits H, Artis D, Colonna M, Diefenbach A, Di Santo JP, Eberl G, Koyasu S, et al. Innate lymphoid cells-a proposal for uniform nomenclature. Nat Rev Immunol. 2013;13(2):145–149. doi: 10.1038/nri3365][Diefenbach A, Colonna M, Koyasu S. Development, differentiation, and diversity of innate lymphoid cells. Immunity. 2014;41(3):354–365. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.09.005][Teunissen M, Munneke J, Bernink JH, Spuls PI, Res PCM, Velde AT, et al. Composition of innate lymphoid cell subsets in the human skin: enrichment of NCR(+) ILC3 in lesional skin and blood of psoriasis patients. J Invest Dermatol. 2014;134(9):2351–2360. doi: 10.1038/jid.2014.146][Villanova F, Flutter B, Tosi I, Grys K, Sreeneebus H, Perera G, et al. Characterization of innate lymphoid cells in human skin and blood demonstrates increase of NKp44+ ILC3 in psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol. 2014;134(4):984–991. doi: 10.1038/jid.2013.477][Brennan PJ, Brigl M, Brenner MB. Invariant natural killer T cells: an innate activation scheme linked to diverse effector functions. Nat Rev Immunol. 2013;13(2):101–117. doi: 10.1038/nri3369][Bonish B, Jullien D, Dutronc Y, Huang BB, Modlin R, Spada FM, et al. Overexpression of CD1d-dependent INF-γ production by NK-T cells. J Immunol. 2000;165(7):4076–4085. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.7.4076][Vissers WHPM, Berends M, Muys L, Erp PEJ van, Jong EMGJ de, Kerkhof PCM van de. The effect of the combination of calcipotriol and betamethasone dipropionate versus both monotherapies on epidermal proliferation, keratinization and T-cell subsets in chronic plaque psoriasis. Exp Dermatol. 2004;13(2):106–112. doi: 10.1111/j.0906-6705.2004.00151.x][Bovenschen HJ, Gerritsen WJ, Rens DWA van, Seyger MMB, Jong EMGJ de, Kerkhof PCM van de. Explorative immunohistochemical study to evaluate the addition of a topical corticosteroid in the early phase of alefacept treatment for psoriasis. Arch Dermatol Res. 2007;298(9):457–463. doi: 10.1007/s00403-006-0716-7][Coquet JM, Chakravarti S, Kyparissoudis K, McNab FW, Pitt LA, McKenzie BS, et al. Diverse cytokine production by NKT cell subsets and identification of an IL-17-producing CD4-NK1.1-NKT cell population. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008;105(12):11287–11292. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801631105][Doisne JM, Soulard V, Bécourt C, Amniai L, Henrot P, Havenar-Daughton C, et al. Cutting edge: сrucial role of IL-1 and IL-23 in the innate IL-17 response of peripheral lymph node NK1.1- invariant NKT cells to bacteria. J Immunol. 2011;186(2):662–666. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1002725][Doisne JM, Becourt C, Amniai L, Duarte N, Le Luduec JB, Eberl G, et al. Skin and peripheral lymph nodeiInvariant NKT cells are mainly retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt+ and respond preferentially under inflammatory conditions. J Immunol. 2009;183(3): 2142–2149. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901059][Webster KE, Kim HO, Kyparissoudis K, Corpuz TM, Pinget GV, Uldrich AP, et al. IL-17-producing NKT cells depend exclusively on IL-7 for homeostasis and survival. Mucosal Immunol. 2014;7(5):1058–1067. doi: 10.1038/mi.2013.122][Milosavljevic N, Gazdic M, Markovic BS, Arsenijevic A, Nurkovic J, Dolicanin Z, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells attenuate acute liver injury by altering ratio between interleukin 17 producing and regulatory natural killer T cells. Liver Transpl. 2017;23(8):1040–1050. doi: 10.1002 / lt.24784][Cameron AL, Kirby B, Fei W, Griffiths CEM. Natural killer and natural killer-T cells in psoriasis. Arch Dermatol Res. 2002;294(8):363–369. doi: 10.1007/s00403-002-0349-4][Vissers WHPM, Arndtz CHM, Muys L, Erp PEJ van, Jong EMG de, Kerkhof PCM van de. Memory effector (CD45RO+) and cytotoxic (CD8+) T cells appear early in the margin zone of spreading psoriatic lesions in contrast to cells expressing natural killer receptors, which appear late. Br J Dermatol. 2004;150(5):852–859. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05683.x][Ottaviani C, Nasorri F, Bedini C, Pità O de, Girolomoni G, Cavani A. CD56brightCD16(-) NK cells accumulate in psoriatic skin in response to CXCL10 and CCL5 and exacerbate skin inflammation. Eur J Immunol. 2006;36(1):118–128. doi: 10.1002/eji.200535243][Cameron AL, Kirby B, Griffiths CEM. Circulating natural killer cells in psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 2003;149(1):160–164. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05319.x][Gambichler T, Zhang Y, Höxtermann S, Kreuter A. Natural killer cells and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 2013;168(4):894–896. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12067][Chowdhury AC, Chaurasia S, Mishra SK, Aggarwal A, Misra R. IL-17 and IFN-γ producing NK and γδ T cells are preferentially expanded in synovial fluid of patients with reactive arthritis and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis. Clin Immunol. 2017;183:207–212. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.03.016][Surcel M, Munteanu AN, Huică RI, Isvoranu G, Pîrvu IR, Constantin C, et al. Reinforcing involvement of NK cells in psoriasiform dermatitis animal model. Exp Ther Med. 2019;18(6):4956–4966. doi: 10.3892/etm.2019.7967][Schiavoni G, Mattei F, Sestili P, Borghi P, Venditti M, Morse HC, et al. ICSBP is essential for the development of mouse type I interferon-producing cells and for the generation and activation of CD8γ(+) dendritic cells. J Exp Med 2002;196(11):1415–1425. doi: 10.1084/jem.20021263][Zaba LC, Fuentes-Duculan J, Eungdamrong NJ, Abello MV, Novitskaya I, Pierson KC, et al. Psoriasis is characterized by accumulation of immunostimulatory and Th1/Th17 cell-polarizing myeloid dendritic cells. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(1):79–88. doi: 10.1038/jid.2008.194][Zaba LC, Cardinale I, Gilleaudeau P, Sullivan-Whalen M, Suárez-Fariñas M, Fuentes-Duculan J, et al. Amelioration of epidermal hyperplasia by TNF inhibition is associated with reduced Th17 responses. J Exp Med. 2007;204(13):3183–3194. doi: 10.1084/jem.20071094][Singh TP, Zhang HH, Borek I, Wolf P, Hedrick MN, Singh SP, et al. Monocyte-derived inflammatory Langerhans cells and dermal dendritic cells mediate psoriasis-like inflammation. Nat Commun. 2016;7:13581. doi: 10.1038/ncomms13581][Brunner PM, Koszik F, Reininger B, Kalb ML, Bauer W, Stingl G. Infliximab induces downregulation of the IL-12/IL-23 axis in 6-sulfo-LacNac (slan)+ dendritic cells and macrophages. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;132(5):1184-1193. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.05.036][Jariwala SP. The role of dendritic cells in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis. Arch Dermatol Res. 2007;299(8):359–366. doi: 10.1007/s00403-007-0775-4][Bonneville M, O’Brien RL, Born WK. γδ-T cell effector functions: a blend of innate programming and acquired plasticity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2010;10(7):467–478. doi: 10. 1038/nri2781][Cai Y, Xue F, Fleming C, Yang J, Ding C, Ma Y, et al. Differential developmental requirement and peripheral regulation for dermal Vγ4 and Vγ6T17 cells in health and inflammation. Nat Commun. 2014;5:3986. doi: 10.1038/ncomms 4986][Mabuchi T, Takekoshi T, Hwang ST. Epidermal CCR6+ γδ T cells are major producers of IL-22 and IL-17 in a murine model of psoriasiform dermatitis. J Immunol. 2011;187(10):5026–5031. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101817][Witherden DA, Johnson MD, Havran WL. Coreceptors and their ligands in epithelial γδ T cell biology. Front Immunol. 2018;9:731. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00731][Cai Y, Shen X, Ding C, Qi C, Li K, Li X, et al. Pivotal role of dermal IL-17-producing γδ T cells in skin inflammation. Immunity. 2011;35(4):596–610. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.08.001]