Vestnik dermatologii i venerologiiVestnik dermatologii i venerologiiВестник дерматологии и венерологии0042-46092313-6294Rossijskoe Obschestvo Dermatovenerologov i Kosmetologov136210.25208/vdv1362REVIEWSОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫReview ArticleHLA-B27 and its role in the pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritisЗначение HLA-B27 в патогенезе псориатического артритаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-47453308-3330ArtamonovaOlga G.АртамоноваОльга Григорьевна
Russian Federation

Junior Research Associate

младший научный сотрудник

artamonova_olga@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3805-84893604-6491KaramovaArfenya E.КарамоваАрфеня Эдуардовна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor

к.м.н., доцент

karamova@cnikvi.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9688-27273385-4723ChikinVadim V.ЧикинВадим Викторович
Russian Federation

MD, Assistant Professor

д.м.н., доцент

chikin@cnikvi.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-05038771-4990KubanovAlexey A.КубановАлексей Алексеевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences

д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН

alex@cnikvi.ruState Research Center of Dermatovenereology and CosmetologyГосударственный научный центр дерматовенерологии и косметологииFederal State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, MoscowГосударственный научный центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии251020222311202298534443108202206092022Copyright ©; 2022, Artamonova O.G., Karamova A.E., Chikin V.V., Kubanov A.A.Copyright ©; 2022, Артамонова О.Г., Карамова А.Э., Чикин В.В., Кубанов А.А.2022Artamonova O.G., Karamova A.E., Chikin V.V., Kubanov A.A.Артамонова О.Г., Карамова А.Э., Чикин В.В., Кубанов А.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/1362

The literature review presents the characteristics of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 as a factor contributing to the development of psoriatic arthritis. HLA-B27 is a class I surface antigen encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) B locus located on chromosome 6. The main function is to present antigenic peptides to the CD8+ T-cells. HLA-B27 is the most important genetic biomarker for psoriatic arthritis, as it provides phenotypic differentiation in the patient population. The prevalence of HLA-B*27 in various population groups are presented. The structural features of the HLA-B27 molecule are described. The characteristics of methods for detecting HLA-B*27 status and determining its subtypes are given. The main mechanisms of the HLA-B*27 polymorphism influence on the development of psoriatic arthritis are considered, and hypotheses are analyzed that explain the pathogenic effect of HLA-B*27: the arthritogenic peptide hypothesis, the misfolding hypothesis, the HLA-B27 heavy chain homodimer formation hypothesis. The features of the clinical manifestations and course of HLA-B*27-positive psoriatic arthritis are presented, allowing the use of HLA-B27 to predict the development of psoriatic joint damage.

В обзоре литературы представлена характеристика человеческого лейкоцитарного антигена (HLA)-B27 как фактора, способствующего развитию псориатического артрита. HLA-B27 представляет собой поверхностный антиген класса I, кодируемый геном HLA-B*27, расположенным на локусе B главного комплекса гистосовместимости (MHC) на 6-й хромосоме. Основная функция заключается в представлении эндогенных (внутриклеточных) пептидов Т-клеточному рецептору CD8+ цитотоксических Т-лимфоцитов. HLA-B27 — важнейший генетический биомаркер псориатического артрита, обеспечивающий фенотипическую дифференциацию в популяции больных. Представлены данные о носительстве гена HLA-B*27 в различных группах населения. Описаны особенности строения молекулы HLA-B27. Дана характеристика методов выявления носительства HLA-B*27 и определения его вариантов. Рассмотрены основные механизмы влияния полиморфизма HLA-B*27 на развитие псориатического артрита и проведен анализ гипотез, объясняющих патогенный эффект носительства HLA-B*27 формированием артритогенных пептидов, неправильным свертыванием молекулы HLA-B27, образованием ее гомодимеров. Представлены данные об особенностях развития, клинических проявлений и течения псориатического артрита у носителей HLA-B*27, позволяющие использовать HLA-B27 для прогнозирования развития псориатического поражения суставов.

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