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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник дерматологии и венерологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0042-4609</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-6294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Rossijskoe Obschestvo Dermatovenerologov i Kosmetologov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1408</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25208/vdv1408</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">A rare form of leishmaniasis, identified in the Russian Federation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Редкая форма кожного лейшманиоза, выявленная на территории Российской Федерации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-4745</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3308-3330</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Artamonova</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артамонова</surname><given-names>Ольга Григорьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>artamonova_olga@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6402-0962</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9859-1912</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Monchakovskaya</surname><given-names>Ekaterina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мончаковская</surname><given-names>Екатерина Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>monchakovskaya@cnikvi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-0503</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8771-4990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kubanov</surname><given-names>Alexey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кубанов</surname><given-names>Алексей Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><email>alex@cnikvi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-7769</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6222-8684</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmatulina</surname><given-names>Margarita R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахматулина</surname><given-names>Маргарита Рафиковна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>rahmatulina@cnikvi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-7108</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8600-3098</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Oleg E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Олег Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>kuznetsov@cnikvi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2228-756X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Synkova</surname><given-names>Darya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сынкова</surname><given-names>Дарья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dashasin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1104-7694</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8261-6561</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Verbenko</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вербенко</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н.</p></bio><email>verbenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-05-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-22"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-14"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Artamonova O.G., Monchakovskaya E.S., Kubanov A.A., Rakhmatulina M.R., Kuznetsov O.E., Synkova D.A., Verbenko D.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Артамонова О.Г., Мончаковская Е.С., Кубанов А.А., Рахматулина М.Р., Кузнецов О.Е., Сынкова Д.А., Вербенко Д.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Artamonova O.G., Monchakovskaya E.S., Kubanov A.A., Rakhmatulina M.R., Kuznetsov O.E., Synkova D.A., Verbenko D.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Артамонова О.Г., Мончаковская Е.С., Кубанов А.А., Рахматулина М.Р., Кузнецов О.Е., Сынкова Д.А., Вербенко Д.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/1408">https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/1408</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis is a rare form of cutaneous leishmaniasis characterized by an inadequate immune response of the host cells to parasitic invasion (weak T-helper (Th)1 response or Th2 response with the production of interleukin IL-4 and IL-10). The characteristic features of the disease include diffuse nodular eruption, masquerading as leprosy and a frequent association with immunosuppression (HIV co-infection, for example). The Russian Federation is a non-endemic country for leishmaniasis, but this disease can be brought into the country by tourists, immigrants, refugees and military personnel. A clinical case of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis and HIV co-infection is presented. The patient was a citizen of Uzbekistan, a country endemic for leishmaniasis. The authors were unable to find domestic scientific publications describing cases of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis detected in the Russian Federation. The presented clinical case of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in a patient with HIV is the first in the Russian literature.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Диффузный кожный лейшманиоз — редко встречающаяся форма кожного лейшманиоза, характеризующаяся неадекватным иммунным ответом клеток хозяина на паразитарную инвазию (слабым ответом Т-хелперов (Тh)1 или реакцией Тh2 с выработкой интерлейкина ИЛ-4 и ИЛ-10). К характерным особенностям заболевания относят распространенные высыпания, представленные бугорками, большую схожесть с лепроматозной формой лепры и частую ассоциацию с иммуносупрессией. Российская Федерация является страной неэндемичной по лейшманиозу, однако данное заболевание может быть завезено в страну туристами, иммигрантами, беженцами и военнослужащими. Представлено наблюдение клинического случая диффузного кожного лейшманиоза у ВИЧ-инфицированного больного. Пациент являлся гражданином Узбекистана, страны, эндемичной по лейшманиозу. Авторам не удалось найти отечественных научных публикаций, описывающих случаи диффузного кожного лейшманиоза, выявленного на территории Российской Федерации. Представляемый клинический случай диффузного кожного лейшманиоза у больного ВИЧ-инфекцией является первым в отечественной литературе.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>leishmaniasis</kwd><kwd>diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis</kwd><kwd>tropical diseases</kwd><kwd>HIV infection</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лейшманиоз</kwd><kwd>диффузный кожный лейшманиоз</kwd><kwd>тропические болезни</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Gradoni L, López-Vélez, R. Mokni M. Manual on case management and surveillance of the leishmaniases in the WHO European Region. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. 2017. 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