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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник дерматологии и венерологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0042-4609</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-6294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Rossijskoe Obschestvo Dermatovenerologov i Kosmetologov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">14869</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25208/vdv14869</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Gene expression changes of angiogenesis factors during basal skin cancer laser destruction</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изменение профиля экспрессии генов неоангиогенеза в процессе терапии базальноклеточного рака кожи с применением импульсного лазерного излучения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6132-5632</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1149-2097</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saytburkhanov</surname><given-names>Rifat R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сайтбурханов</surname><given-names>Рифат Рафаилевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dermatovenerologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-дерматовенеролог</p></bio><email>rifat03@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1104-7694</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8261-6561</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Verbenko</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вербенко</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> к.б.н.</p></bio><email>verbenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4169-4128</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7634-5521</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Plakhova</surname><given-names>Xenia I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плахова</surname><given-names>Ксения Ильинична</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p></bio><email>plahova@cnikvi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3662-9954</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8721-9424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondrakhina</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондрахина</surname><given-names>Ирина Никифоровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p></bio><email>kondrakhina77@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9700-2455</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4770-8904</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lagun</surname><given-names>Ksenia M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лагун</surname><given-names>Ксения Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-ординатор</p></bio><email>xobanaa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8506-7455</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6868-9605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filonenko</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филоненко</surname><given-names>Елена Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>elena.filonenko@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-0503</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8771-4990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Кubanov</surname><given-names>Аlexey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кубанов</surname><given-names>Алексей Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><email>alex@cnikvi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute — Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт имени П.А. Герцена — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-11-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-08-25"><day>25</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-10-30"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Saytburkhanov R.R., Verbenko D.A., Plakhova X.I., Kondrakhina I.N., Lagun K.M., Filonenko E.V., Кubanov А.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Сайтбурханов Р.Р., Вербенко Д.А., Плахова К.И., Кондрахина И.Н., Лагун К.М., Филоненко Е.В., Кубанов А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Saytburkhanov R.R., Verbenko D.A., Plakhova X.I., Kondrakhina I.N., Lagun K.M., Filonenko E.V., Кubanov А.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сайтбурханов Р.Р., Вербенко Д.А., Плахова К.И., Кондрахина И.Н., Лагун К.М., Филоненко Е.В., Кубанов А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/14869">https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/14869</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Basal cell carcinoma is the most widespread malignant skin neoplasm. Angiogenesis is critical for the growth and metastasis of malignant tumors.</p> <p><bold>Aims.</bold> To study the levels of representation of transcripts in the foci of basal cell skin cancer before and after the therapy of genes for angiogenesis proteins and their receptors: angiopoietin 2 <italic>ANGPT2</italic>, calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha <italic>CALCA</italic>, epidermal growth factor receptor <italic>EGRF</italic>, fibroblast growth factor <italic>FGF2</italic>, intracellular adhesion molecule <italic>ICAM1</italic>, vascular endothelial growth factor <italic>VEGFA</italic> and its type 2 receptor <italic>VEGFR2</italic>, matrix metalloproteinase <italic>MMP9</italic>, homologue protein of phosphatase and tensin <italic>PTEN</italic>, tachykinin receptor <italic>TAC1</italic>, and tumor necrosis factor protein genes <italic>TNF</italic>.</p> <p><bold>Methods.</bold><italic> </italic>The study included 31 patients with histologically confirmed basal cell skin cancer who received treatment at the consultative and diagnostic center of the State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow in the period from 2020 to 2021, using a pulsed dye laser (wavelength — 585 nm) and long-pulsed neodymium laser (wavelength — 1064 nm). The patients provided skin punch biopsies from BCC lesions and after therapy from the same localization. The gene expression was analyzed with real-time reverse transcription PCR using endogeneous control, and the gene expression ration changes during the therapy were calculated according to Livak’s double delta formulae.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>An increased expression of the matrix metalloproteinase <italic>MMP9</italic> and the tachykinin precursor <italic>TAC1</italic> genes were revealed in skin biopsy samples of the superficial form of basal cell skin cancer during laser pulsed therapy. The expression of tumor necrosis factor <italic>TNF</italic>, epidermal growth factor receptor <italic>EGFR</italic>, fibroblast growth factor <italic>FGF2</italic> genes increases to a lesser extent. The increasing expression of <italic>MMP9</italic> and <italic>TAC1</italic> genes also established in skin biopsy samples of the nodular form of basal cell skin cancer. It was shown that the expression of the calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha <italic>CALCA</italic> gene in the skin of patients is at basal level, which makes it possible to exclude the influence of the neuropeptide on the basal cell skin cancer pathogenesis. Despite the bidirectional changes in expression due to individuality of patients, the average values allow to conclude the expression of all the studied genes is increased after pulse laser destruction therapy. This means neoangiogenesis is continued at the skin even after the destruction of basal cell skin cancer lesions. This could be due to the presence of the basal cell carcinoma microenvironment, likely mast cells, at the affected skin area.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.<italic> </italic></bold>Among the factors of neoangiogenesis potentially influencing the development of basal cell skin cancer, the leading role of expression of the <italic>MMP9</italic> matrix metalloproteinase and <italic>TAC1</italic> precursor protein of tachykinin has been shown. Simultaneous changes in the level of these proteins may be due to neuroimmune interactions in the epidermis, which is probably realized by mast cells as the microenvironment of the basal cell carcinoma. In the process of laser destruction, there is also a slightly pronounced increased expression of additional factors of neoangiogenesis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Базальноклеточный рак кожи является наиболее распространенным злокачественным новообразованием кожи, в последние десятилетия отмечается быстрый рост заболеваемости во всем мире. Ключевая роль в развитии злокачественных опухолей отводится ангиогенезу. Понимание механизмов изменения экспрессии проангиогенных цитокинов в очагах возникновения базальноклеточного рака станет важнейшим компонентом в разработке эффективных методов прогнозирования течения заболевания и эффективного лечения, позволяющего избежать рецидивов.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования.</bold> Изучить изменение уровней представленности транскриптов генов белков ангиогенеза и связанных с ним факторов: ангиопоэтина 2 <italic>ANGPT2</italic>, родственного кальцитонину полипептида альфа <italic>CALCA</italic>, рецептора ростового фактора эпидермиса <italic>EGRF</italic>, фактора роста фибробластов <italic>FGF2</italic>, молекулы внутриклеточной адгезии <italic>ICAM1</italic>, фактора роста васкулярного эндотелия <italic>VEGFA</italic> и его рецептора 2-го типа <italic>VEGFR2</italic>, матриксной металлопротеиназы <italic>MMP9</italic>, белка-гомолога фосфатазы и тензина <italic>PTEN</italic>, рецептора тахикинина <italic>TAC1</italic>, а также генов белка фактора некроза опухоли <italic>TNF</italic> в очагах базальноклеточного рака кожи в ходе проведения терапии с применением импульсного лазера.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> В исследование включен 31 пациент с гистологически подтвержденным базальноклеточным раком кожи, получавших лечение в условиях консультативно-диагностического центра ФГБУ «ГНЦДК» Минздрава России в период с 2020 по 2021 г., с применением импульсного лазера на красителе (длина волны — 585 нм) и длинноимпульсным неодимовым лазером (длина волны — 1064 нм). Исследование изменения уровня представленности транскриптов генов белков ангиогенеза и связанных с ними факторов проведено в биоптатах кожи до и после проведения терапии методом ПЦР в реальном времени с обратной транскрипцией.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>В образцах поверхностной формы базальноклеточного рака кожи в процессе лазерной импульсной терапии выявлено увеличение экспрессии генов матриксной металлопротеиназы <italic>MMP</italic><italic>9 </italic>и предшественника тахикинина <italic>TAC</italic><italic>1</italic>. Экспрессия генов фактора некроза опухолей <italic>TNF</italic>, рецептора эпидермального фактора роста <italic>EGFR</italic>, фактора роста фибробластов <italic>FGF2</italic> увеличивается в меньшей степени. В образцах нодулярной формы базальноклеточного рака кожи также выявлено увеличение экспрессии генов матриксной металлопротеиназы <italic>MMP</italic><italic>9 </italic>и рецептора тахикинина <italic>TAC</italic><italic>1</italic>. Показано, что экспрессия гена родственного кальцитонину полипептида альфа <italic>CALCA</italic><italic> </italic>в коже пациентов находится на минимальном уровне, что позволяет исключить влияние этого нейропептида на патогенез базальноклеточного рака кожи. Несмотря на разнонаправленность изменений экспрессии, индивидуальной для каждого конкретного пациента, средние значения позволяют сделать вывод об увеличении экспрессии всех исследованных генов. Этот факт может быть интерпретирован как продолжение процессов неоангиогенеза даже после проведения лазерной импульсной терапии базальноклеточного рака кожи, обусловленных наличием микроокружения пораженного участка кожи.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Среди факторов неоангиогенеза показаны наибольшие изменения экспрессии генов матриксной металлопротеиназы ММР9 и белка-предшественника тахикинина <italic>TAC</italic><italic>1 </italic>после проведения лазерной коагуляции сосудистой сети участков базальноклеточного рака кожи<italic>. </italic>Одновременное изменение уровня этих белков может быть обусловлено нейроиммунными взаимодействиями в эпидермисе. Отмечается также выраженное повышение экспрессии других исследованных факторов неоангиогенеза, что свидетельствует о продолжении процесса неоангиогенеза после проведения лазерной терапии базальноклеточного рака кожи.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>basal cell skin cancer</kwd><kwd>angiogenesis</kwd><kwd>neuropeptides</kwd><kwd>substance P</kwd><kwd>tachykinin</kwd><kwd>TAC1</kwd><kwd>MMP9</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>базальноклеточный рак кожи</kwd><kwd>ангиогенез</kwd><kwd>нейропептиды</kwd><kwd>субстанция Р</kwd><kwd>тахикинин</kwd><kwd>TAC1</kwd><kwd>MMP9</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (State task of the National Research Center No. 056-00116-21-00-6 for the period 2021–2023).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены при финансовой поддержке Минздрава России (Государственное задание ГНЦДК № 056-00116-21-00-6 на период 2021–2023 гг.).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Сайтбурханов Р.Р., Кубанов А.А, Кондрахина И.Н., Плахова К.И. 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