Vestnik dermatologii i venerologiiVestnik dermatologii i venerologiiВестник дерматологии и венерологии0042-46092313-6294Rossijskoe Obschestvo Dermatovenerologov i Kosmetologov1682010.25208/vdv16820REVIEWSОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫResearch ArticlePathogenetic aspects and modern possibilities of therapy of vulvovaginal candidiasisПатогенетические аспекты и современные возможности терапии вульвовагинального кандидозаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-77696222-8684RakhmatulinaMargarita R.РахматулинаМаргарита Рафиковна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

д.м.н., профессор

rahmatulina@cnikvi.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6490-95293297-0304LipovaElena V.ЛиповаЕлена Валерьевна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

д.м.н., профессор

elipova97@gmail.comNyanenkoViktoria A.НяненкоВиктория Алексеевна
Russian Federation

student

студент

nyanenko_va@mail.ruState Research Center of Dermatovenereology and CosmetologyГосударственный научный центр дерматовенерологии и косметологииA.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical CenterФедеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. БурназянаPirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov Medical University)Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова2511202415122024100630401508202419112024Copyright ©; 2024, Margarita R. Rakhmatulina, Elena V. Lipova, Viktoria A. NyanenkoCopyright ©; 2024, М.Р. Рахматулина, Е.В. Липова, В.А. Няненко2024Margarita R. Rakhmatulina, Elena V. Lipova, Viktoria A. NyanenkoМ.Р. Рахматулина, Е.В. Липова, В.А. Няненкоhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/16820

The literature review presents modern aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of vulvovaginal candidiasis, highlights issues of immunological resistance and the significance of polymorphic and pathological gene loci, the functioning of which leads to insufficient activation of the immune system in the disease. The mechanisms of formation of biofilms by fungi of the genus Candida on mucous membranes and the role of lactobacillary microflora in preventing their spread, as well as ideas about the prerequisites for the development of vulvovaginal candidiasis are considered. The modern possibilities of drug therapy for vulvovaginal candidiasis, presented in domestic and foreign clinical recommendations, are discussed. The advantages of prescribing fenticonazole, which is active against various types of fungi of the genus Candida, as well as a wide range of anaerobes and microorganisms associated with bacterial vaginosis, are considered, and the results of studies on the effectiveness of the drug are analyzed.

В обзоре литературы представлены современные аспекты этиологии и патогенеза вульвовагинального кандидоза, освещены вопросы иммунологической резистентности и значения полиморфных генных локусов, функционирование которых приводит к недостаточности звеньев активации иммунной системы при заболевании. Рассмотрены механизмы образования грибами рода Candida биопленок на слизистых оболочках и роль лактобациллярной микрофлоры в предупреждении их распространения, а также современные представления о предпосылках к развитию кандидозного вульвовагинита. Обсуждены возможности лекарственной терапии вульвовагинального кандидоза, представленные в отечественных и зарубежных клинических рекомендациях. Рассмотрены преимущества назначения фентиконазола, активного в отношении различных видов грибов рода Candida, а также широкого спектра облигатно-анаэробных микроорганизмов и микроорганизмов, ассоциированных с бактериальным вагинозом, проанализированы результаты исследований эффективности лекарственного препарата.

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