Vestnik dermatologii i venerologiiVestnik dermatologii i venerologiiВестник дерматологии и венерологии0042-46092313-6294Rossijskoe Obschestvo Dermatovenerologov i Kosmetologov1694210.25208/vdv16942REVIEWSОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫImmunological aspects of rosacea pathogenesis: fundamental mechanisms and translational potentialИммунологические аспекты патогенеза розацеа: фундаментальные механизмы и трансляционный потенциалhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8373-39797243-0586YakovlevaAnnaЯковлеваАнна
Russian Federation

dermatovenereologist, cosmetology of the Consultative and Diagnostic Center of the State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of Russian Ministry of health

врач дерматовененеролог, косметолог Консультативно диагностического центра ФГБУ «ГНЦДК» Минздрава России

yakovleva.a@hotmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3662-99548721-9424KondrakhinaIrinaКондрахинаИрина
Russian Federation

M.D., PhD, DSci of the Consultative and Dianostic Center, of the State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of Russian Ministry of health, Moscow.

заведующий консультативно-диагностическим центром ФГБУ «ГНЦДК» Минздрава России, г. Москва, д.м.н.

Kondrakhina77@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-05038771-4990KubanovAlexeyКубановАлексей
Russian Federation

M.D., PhD, DSci, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of the State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow.

Директор ФГБУ «ГНЦДК» Минздрава России, г. Москва, д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН.

Alex@cnikvi.ruthe State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of Russian Ministry of healthФГБУ "ГНЦДК" Минздрава РоссииThe State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of Russian Ministry of healthФГБУ "ГНЦДК" Минздрава России3005202610222210202513052026Copyright ©; , Yakovleva A., Kondrakhina I., Kubanov A.Copyright ©; , Яковлева А., Кондрахина И., Кубанов А.Yakovleva A., Kondrakhina I., Kubanov A.Яковлева А., Кондрахина И., Кубанов А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/16942

Rosacea is a chronic recurrent dermatosis that significantly reduces the quality of life and is accompanied by social disadaptation of patients due to its prevalence and chronic recurrent course.

Rosacea is considered as a multifactorial disease, whose pathogenesis includes immunological, vascular, and neurological mechanisms, as well as psycho-emotional condition, lifestyle factors, exogenous factors of various nature, and genetic predisposition. At the same time, recent studies of this disease have identified a single key factor that integrates all aspects of its pathogenesis into a single pathophysiological process -a significant deregulation of multiple local immune response systems in skin barrier tissues.

The present review provides current understanding of the key immunological mechanisms of rosacea pathogenesis (deregulation of the TLR2-KLK5-LL-37 axis, disruption of normal neuroimmune regulation in the skin, and various patterns of polarization of the local adaptive immune response).

Розацеа представляет собой хронический рецидивирующий дерматоз, существенно снижающий качество жизни и сопровождающийся социальной дезадаптацией пациентов, в силу своей распространенности и хронического рецидивирующего течения.

Розацеа рассматривается как многофакторное заболевание, патогенез которого включает в себя иммунологические, сосудистые и неврологические механизмы, а также психоэмоциональный фон, факторы образа жизни, экзогенные факторы различной природы и генетическая предрасположенность. В то же время, исследования данного заболевания в последние годы выделяют один ключевой фактор, интегрирующий все аспекты патогенеза в единый патофизиологический процесс – значительную дерегуляцию различных систем локального иммунного ответа в барьерных тканях кожи.

В представленном обзоре изложены современные представления об основных иммунологических механизмах патогенеза розацеа (дерегуляция системы TLR2-KLK5-LL-37, нарушение нормальной нейроиммунной регуляции в коже и особенности поляризации локального адаптивного иммунного ответа).

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