Vestnik dermatologii i venerologiiVestnik dermatologii i venerologiiВестник дерматологии и венерологии0042-46092313-6294Rossijskoe Obschestvo Dermatovenerologov i Kosmetologov1694510.25208/vdv16945WVFLVWREVIEWSОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫReview ArticlePathogenetic mechanisms underlying the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgarisПатогенетическая основа методов диагностики вульгарной пузырчаткиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3129-00508334-2890VorontsovaA. A.ВоронцоваА. А.
Russian Federation
vorontsova@cnikvi.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3805-84893604-6491KaramovaA. E.КарамоваА. Э.
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor

канд. мед. наук, доцент

karamova@cnikvi.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1141-93521307-1189NefedovaM. A.НефедоваМ. А.
Russian Federation
nefedova.maria.arb@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-3095-6797NugmanovaR. R.НугмановаР. Р.
Russian Federation
vip.ahtarieva@mail.ruState Research Center of Dermatovenereology and CosmetologyГосударственный научный центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии2803202613042026102122300711202519032026Copyright ©; 2026, Vorontsova A.A., Karamova A.E., Nefedova M.A., Nugmanova R.R.Copyright ©; 2026, Воронцова А.А., Карамова А.Э., Нефедова М.А., Нугманова Р.Р.2026Vorontsova A.A., Karamova A.E., Nefedova M.A., Nugmanova R.R.Воронцова А.А., Карамова А.Э., Нефедова М.А., Нугманова Р.Р.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/16945

Current diagnostic methods for pemphigus vulgaris are based on an understanding of the immunological mechanisms underlying the disease development, with a key role of the production of autoantibodies targeting structural proteins of epithelial tissue and the underlying basement membrane. This review highlights the advantages and limitations of diagnostic methods used to verify autoimmune bullous dermatoses and presents the sensitivity and specificity data for an immunohistochemical assay and its potential use as an alternative diagnostic method to verify a suspected pemphigus vulgaris.

Применяемые в настоящее время методы диагностики вульгарной пузырчатки основываются на понимании иммунологических механизмов, опосредующих развитие заболевания, где ведущая роль отводится продукции аутоантител, нацеленных на структурные белки эпителиальной ткани и подлежащей базальной мембраны. В обзоре освещены преимущества и недостатки методов диагностики, используемых для верификации аутоиммунных буллезных дерматозов, приведены данные о чувствительности и специфичности иммуногистохимического метода исследования и перспективы применения в качестве альтернативного метода диагностики при подозрении на вульгарную пузырчатку.

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