Vestnik dermatologii i venerologiiVestnik dermatologii i venerologiiВестник дерматологии и венерологии0042-46092313-6294Rossijskoe Obschestvo Dermatovenerologov i Kosmetologov19310.25208/0042-4609-2015-91-6-17-29SHORT COMMUNICATIONКРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯExperimental models of leprosyЭкспериментальное моделирование лепрыKubanovA. A.КубановА. А.
Russian Federation
KaramovaA. E.КарамоваА. Э.
Russian Federation
Karamova@cnikvi.ruVorontsovaA. A.ВоронцоваА. А.
Russian Federation
KalininaP. A.КалининаП. А.
Russian Federation
State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationФГБУ «Государственный научный центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии» Минздрава РоссииRussian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Studies, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия последипломного образования» Минздрава России24122015916172924082017Copyright ©; 2015, Kubanov A.A., Karamova A.E., Vorontsova A.A., Kalinina P.A.Copyright ©; 2015, Кубанов А.А., Карамова А.Э., Воронцова А.А., Калинина П.А.2015Kubanov A.A., Karamova A.E., Vorontsova A.A., Kalinina P.A.Кубанов А.А., Карамова А.Э., Воронцова А.А., Калинина П.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/193

Leprosy (Hansen’s disease) is a chronic granulomatous bacterial disease which mainly affects skin and peripheral nervous system. Leprosy is caused by the obligate intercellular pathogen known as Mycobacterium leprae. Creating experimental models of leprosy is associated with serious problems due to biological characteristics of the pathogen. Numerous attempts to develop experimental models on different types of animals resulted in a few reproducible models on mice and nine-banded armadillos. Strains of knockout mice with genetic defects caused by site-directed mutagenesis are used as a basis for different leprosy models. Experimental models of leprosy are used for screening of anti-leprosy drugs, detection of drug resistance, studies on the pathogenesis of leprosy, production and evaluation of viability of M. leprae, developing of anti-leprosy vaccines.

Лепра (болезнь Хансена) - хроническая гранулематозная бактериальная инфекция, поражающая преимущественно кожные покровы и периферическую нервную систему. Возбудитель лепры - облигатный внутриклеточный микроорганизм Mycobacterium leprae. Экспериментальное моделирование лепрозной инфекции сопряжено со значительными трудностями, связанными с биологическими особенностями возбудителя. Многочисленные попытки создания экспериментальных моделей на различных группах животных привели к созданию нескольких воспроизводимых моделей на мышах и на девятипоясных броненосцах. Линии нокаутных мышей, генетические дефекты которых были созданы с помощью направленного мутагенеза, служат основой для создания различных экспериментальных моделей лепры. Экспериментальное моделирование лепры позволяет проводить скрининг противолепрозных препаратов, определять резистентность к этим препаратам, изучать патогенез заболевания, получать M. leprae и определять жизнеспособность бактерий, разработать и изучать противолепрозные вакцины.

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