Vestnik dermatologii i venerologiiVestnik dermatologii i venerologiiВестник дерматологии и венерологии0042-46092313-6294Rossijskoe Obschestvo Dermatovenerologov i Kosmetologov24610.25208/0042-4609-2016-92-3-102-109DRUG TREATMENT IN DERMATOVENEROLOGYФАРМАКОТЕРАПИЯ В ДЕРМАТОВЕНЕРОЛОГИИMicrobiome: a new era in normal and pathological changes skin studiesМикробиом: новая эра в изучении здоровой и патологически измененной кожиAraviiskaiaE. R.АравийскаяЕ. Р.
Russian Federation
SokolovskiyE. V.СоколовскийЕ. В.
Russian Federation
First Pavlov State Medical University of St. PetersburgГБОУ ВПО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России2406201692310210924082017Copyright ©; 2016, Araviiskaia E.R., Sokolovskiy E.V.Copyright ©; 2016, Аравийская Е.Р., Соколовский Е.В.2016Araviiskaia E.R., Sokolovskiy E.V.Аравийская Е.Р., Соколовский Е.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/246

The paper contains review of studies on microbiota and cutaneous microbiome using modern techniques of methagenomic analysis. The existing data on microflora of normal skin and among the patients with acne, seborrhoeic dermatitis, rosacea atopic dermatitis are consequently analyzed. The interaction between microbiome and innate/adaptive immunity is presented The perspectives of knowledge on microbiome both in dermatology and cosmetology are pointed out.

В статье представлен обзор данных о состоянии вопроса изучения микробиоты и микробиома кожи в помощью современных генетических исследований. Представлен анализ сведений о микрофлоре здоровой кожи, а также у пациентов с акне, себорейным дерматитом, розацеа, атопическим дерматитом. Изложены представления о взаимодействии микроорганизмов кожи с системой врожденного и адаптивного иммунитета в норме и при патологии. Намечены перспективы применения знаний о микробиоме в дерматологии и косметологии.

микробиота кожиметагеномный анализсеквенированиеатопический дерматитакневрожденный иммунитетадаптивный иммунитетskin microbiotamethagenomic analysissequencingacneseborrhoeic dermatitisrosaceaatopic dermatitisinnate immunityadaptive immunityKong H.H., Segre J.A. Skin microbiome: looking back to move forward. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 132 (3 Pt 2): 933-9.Cogen A.L., Nizet V., Gallo R.L. Skin micro-biota: a source of disease or defence? Br J Dermatol 2008; 158 (3): 442-55.Pillsbury D.M., Shelley W.B. Dermatology. Annu Rev Med 1954; 5: 363-88.Williamson P., Kligman A.M. A new method for the quantitative investigation of cutaneous bacteria. J Invest Dermatol 1965; 45: 498-503.Lederberg J. Infectious history. Science 2000; 288 (5464): 287-93.Ladizinski B., McLean R., Lee K.C. et al. The human skin microbiome. Int J Dermatol 2014; 53 (9): 1177-9.Turnbaugh P.J., Ley R.E., Hamady M., et al. The human microbiome project. Nature 2007; 449: 804-10.Consortium H.M.P. Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature 2012; 486 (7402): 207-14.Yatsunenko T., Rey F.E., Manary M.J., et al. Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography. Nature 2012; 486 (7402): 222-7.Мечников И.И. Этюды о природе человека. И.И. Мечников; Акад. наук СССР. М: Изд-во Академии наук СССР 1961; 290Guo S., Dipietro L.A. Factors affecting wound healing. J Dent Res 2010; 89 (3): 219-29.Ribera Casado J.M. Intestinal microbiota and ageing: A new intervention route? Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2016 Mar 3. [Epub ahead of print].Belstram D., Paster B.J., Fiehn N.E. et al. Salivary bacterial fingerprints of established oral disease revealed by the Human Oral Microbe Identification using Next Generation Sequencing (HOMINGS) technique. J Oral Microbiol 2016; 8: 30170.Updegraff D.M. Methods for determining the distribution of bacteria in the skin. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1967; 44 (8): 481-3.Staley J.T., Konopka A. Measurement of in situ activities of nonphotosynthetic microorganisms in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Annu Rev Microbiol 1985; 39: 321-46.Gao Z., Tseng C.H., Pei Z., Blaser M.J. Molecular analysis of human forearm superficial skin bacterial biota. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104 (8): 2927-32.Grice E.A., Kong H.H., Conlan S. et al. Topographical and temporal diversity of the human skin microbiome. Science 2009; 324 (5931): 1190-2.Grice E.A., Segre J.A. The skin microbiome. Nat Rev Microbiol 2011; 9 (4): 244-53.Staudinger T., Pipal A., Redl B. Molecular analysis of the prevalent microbiota of human male and female forehead skin compared to forearm skin and the influence of make-up. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 110 (6): 1381-9.Longo A.V., Savage A.E., Hewson I., Zamudio K.R. Seasonal and ontogenetic variation of skin microbial communities and relationships to natural disease dynamics in declining amphibians. R Soc Open Sci 2015; 2 (7): 140377.Wood M., Gibbons S.M., Lax S. et al. Athletic equipment microbiota are shaped by interactions with human skin. Microbiome 2015; 3: 25.Lax S., Hampton-Marcell J.T., Gibbons S.M. et al. Forensic analysis of the microbiome of phones and shoes. Microbiome 2015 May 12; 3: 21.Gao Z., Perez-Perez G.I., Chen Y., Blaser M.J. Quantitation of major human cutaneous bacterial and fungal populations. J Clin Microbiol 2010; 48 (10): 3575-81.Akaza N., Akamatsu H., Sasaki Y. et al. Cutaneous Malassezia microbiota of healthy subjects differ by sex, body part and season. Am J Dermatol 2010; 37 (9): 786-92.Sugita T., Yamazaki T., Makimura K. et al. Comprehensive analysis of the skin fungal microbiota of astronauts during a half-year stay at the International Space Station. Med Mycol 2016 Jan 14. pii: myv121. [Epub ahead of print].Grice E.A., Kong H.H., Renaud G., et al. A diversity profile of the human skin microbiota. Genome Res 2008; 18 (7): 1043-50.Costello E.K., Lauber C.L., Hamady M. et al. Bacterial community variation in human body habitats across space and time. Science 2009; 326 (5960): 1694-7.Garcia-Garcera M., Garcia-Etxebarria K., Coscolla M. et al. A new method for extracting skin microbes allows metagenomic analysis of whole-deep skin. PLoS One 2013; 8 (9): e74914.Dominguez-Bello M.G., Costello E.K., Contreras M. et al. Delivery mode shapes the acquisition and structure of the initial microbiota across multiple body habitats in newborns. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2010; 107 (26): 11971-5.Scharschmidt T.C., Vasquez K.S., Truong H.A. et al. A Wave of Regulatory T Cells into Neonatal Skin Mediates Tolerance to Commensal Microbes. Immunity 2015; 43 (5): 1011-21.Latuga M.S., Stuebe A., Seed P.C. A review of the source and function of microbiota in breast milk. Semin Reprod Med 2014; 32 (1): 68-73.Kang S.S., Kauls L.S., Gaspari A.A. Toll-like receptors: applications to dermatologic disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006; 54: 951-83.Lande R., Gregorio J., Facchinetti V. et al. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells sense self-DNA coupled with antimicrobial peptide. Nature 2007; 449: 564-569.Stecher B., Hardt W.D. The role of microbiota in infectious disease. Trends Microbiol 2008; 16 (3): 107-14.Sumaria N., Roediger B., Ng L.G. et al. Cutaneous immunosurveillance by self-renewing dermal gammadelta T cells. J Exp Med 2011 Mar 14; 208 (3): 505-18.Lai Y., Cogen A.L., Radek K.A. et al. Activation of TLR2 by a small molecule produced by Staphylococcus epidermidis increases antimicrobial defense against bacterial skin infections. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 130 (9): 2211-21.Wang Z., MacLeod D.T., Di Nardo A. Commensal bacteria lipoteichoic acid increases skin mast cell antimicrobial activity against vaccinia viruses. J Immunol 2012; 189 (4): 1551-8.Lai Y., Cogen A.L., Radek K.A., et al. Activation of TLR2 by a small molecule produced by Staphylococcus epidermidis increases antimicrobial defense against bacterial skin infections. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 130 (9): 2211-21.Shu M., Wang Y., Yu J. et al. Fermentation of Propionibacterium acnes, a commensal bacterium in the human skin microbiome, as skin probiotics against methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS One 2013; 8 (2): e55380.Kang S.S., Kauls L.S., Gaspari A.A. Toll-like receptors: applications to dermatologic disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006; 54: 951-83.Gallo R.L., Nakatsuji T. Microbial Symbiosis with the Innate Immune Defense System of the Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2011; 131 (10): 1974-80.Fitz-Gibbon S., Tomida S., Chiu B.H. et al. Propionibacterium Acnes Strain Populations in the Human Skin Microbiome Associated with Acne. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133 (9): 2152-2160.Thiboutot D., Dreno B., Gollnick H. et al. A call to limit antibiotic use in acne. J Drugs Derm 2013; 2 (12): 1331-2.Eichenfield L.F., Krakowski A.C., Piggott C. et al. Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Acne. Pediatrics 2013; 131: 163-186.Kang D., Shi B., Erfe M.C. Vitamine B12 modulates the transcriptome of the skin microbiota in acne pathogenesis. Sci Transi Med 2015; 24 (7): 293.Gupta A.K., Kohli Y., Li A., Faergemann J., Summerbell R.C. In vitro susceptibility of the seven Malassezia species to ketoconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine. Brit J Dermatol 2000; 142 (4): 58-765.Zani M.B., Soares R.C., Arruda A.C. et al. Ketoconazole does not decrease fungal amount in seborrhoeic dermatitis patients. Br J Dermatol 2016 Feb 27. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14501. [Epub ahead of print].Kendall S.N. Remission of rosacea induced by reduction of gut transit time. Clin Exp Dermatol 2004 May; 29 (3): 297-9.Lacey N., Delaney S., Kavanagh K., Powell F.C. Mite-related bacterial antigens stimulate inflammatory cells in rosacea. Br J Dermatol 2007; 157: 474-481.Jarmuda S., O'Reilly N., Zaba R. et al. Potential role of Demodex mites and bacteria in the induction of rosacea. J Med Microbiol 2012; 61 (Pt 11): 1504-10.Whitfeld M., Gunasingam N., Leow L.J. et al. Staphylococcus epidermidis: a possible role in the pustules of rosacea. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011; 64: 49-59.Yamasaki K., Di Nardo A., Bardan A. et al. Increased serine protease activity and cathelicidin promotes skin inflammation in rosacea. Nat Med 2007; 13 (8): 975-980.Deeks E.D. Ivermectin: A Review in Rosacea. Am J Clin Dermatol 2015; 16 (5): 447-52.Parodi A., Paolino S., Greco A. et al. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in rosacea: clinical effectiveness of its eradication. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008 Jul; 6 (7): 759-64.Bieber T. Atopic dermatitis. Ann Dermatol 2010; 22 (2): 125-37.Baviera G., Leoni M.C., Capra L. et al. Micro-biota in healthy skin and in atopic eczema. Biomed Res Int 2014; 2014: 436921.Kaga M., Sugita T., Nishikawa A. et al. Molecular analysis of the cutaneous Malassezia microbiota from the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis of different severities. Mycoses 2011 Jul; 54 (4): e24-8.Chang Y.S., Trivedi M.K., Jha A. et al. Synbiotics for Prevention and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA Pediatr 2016; 170 (3): 236-42.Lande R., Botti E., Jandus C. et al. The antimicrobial peptide LL37 is a T-cell autoantigen in psoriasis. Nat Commun 2014,Dec 3; 5: 5621.Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya C., Panpumthong P., Tangkosakul T. et al. Shedding light on the role of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin on cellular catabolic regulation by proteomic analysis. Int J Biol Sci 2008; 4 (2): 71-82.Gueniche A., Knaudt B., Schuck E., Volz T., Bastien P., Martin R. et al. Effects of nonpathogenic gram-negative bacterium Vitreoscilla filiformis lysate on atopic dermatitis: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. Br J Dermatol 2008; 159 (6): 1357-63.Guéniche A., Cathelineau A.C., Bastien P. et al. Vitreoscilla filiformis biomass improves seborrheic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 22 (8): 1014-5.Harker M., Carvell A.M., Marti V.P., Riazanskaia S., Functional characterisation of a SNP in the ABCC11 allele-Effects on axillary skin metabolism, odour generation and associated behaviours. J Dermatol Sci 2014; 73 (1): 23-30.Muszer M., Noszczyńska M., Kasperkiewicz K., Skurnik M. Human Microbiome: When a Friend Becomes an Enemy. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2015; 63 (4): 287-98.McInturff J.E. McInturff J.E., Wang S.J., Machleidt T., Granulysin-derived peptides demonstrate antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects against Propionibacterium acnes. J Invest Dermatol 2005; 125 (2): 256-263.Melo M.N., Dugourd D., Castanho M.A. Omiganan pentahydrochloride in the front line of clini cal applications of antimicrobial peptides.Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov 2006: 1: 201-207.Wang Y., Hong J., Liu X., Yang H. et al. Snake cathelicidin from Bungarus fasciatus is a potent peptide antibiotics.PLoS ONE 2008; 3 (9): e3217.Muizzuddin N., Maher W., Sullivan M. et al. Physiological effect of a probiotic on skin. J Cosmet Sci 2012; 63: 385-95.Nodake Y., Matsumoto S., Miura R. et al. Pilot study on novel skin care method by augmentation with Staphylococcus epidermidis, an autologous skin microbe. A blinded randomized clinical trial. J Dermatol Sci 2015; 79 (2): 119-26.