Skin manifestations of a new coronovirus infection COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2
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| 1. | Title | Title of document | Skin manifestations of a new coronovirus infection COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 |
| 2. | Creator | Author's name, affiliation, country | Aleksey A. Khryanin; Novosibirsk State Medical University; Association Obstetricians-Gynecologists and Dermatovenerologists; Россия |
| 2. | Creator | Author's name, affiliation, country | Viktor G. Sturov; V. Zelman Institute of medicine and psychology, Novosibirsk National Research State University; Россия |
| 2. | Creator | Author's name, affiliation, country | Alexander P. Nadeev; Novosibirsk State Medical University; Россия |
| 2. | Creator | Author's name, affiliation, country | Valentina К. Bocharova; Novosibirsk State Medical University; Россия |
| 3. | Subject | Discipline(s) | |
| 3. | Subject | Keyword(s) | COVID-19; skin manifestation; complement system; infectious DIC-syndrome |
| 4. | Description | Abstract | The review is devoted to the skin manifestations of new coronovirus infection (SARS-CoV-2), information about which is constantly updated. However, this information has not been systematized yet. The purpose of this review is to analyze the dermatological manifestations of a new coronavirus infection. On average, 12.5—20.4% of patients with confirmed COVID-19 have developed skin manifestations. The question of whether the skin symptoms are a secondary consequence of a respiratory infection or a primary infection of the skin itself remains open at the moment. The possible mechanisms of development of skin lesions and the role of diseases of complement system and blood hypercoagulation in the pathogenesis of the disease are discussed in the article. The review also provides descriptive and clinical examples of skin manifestations in COVID-19. Since COVID-19 tends to be asymptomatic within 14 days, skin manifestations can be an indicator of infection, which leads to the timely diagnosis. In addition, doctors' awareness about skin symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection plays a big role in preventing misdiagnosis of the disease. The authors cite their own clinical сase of a patient with COVID-19 and associated skin angiitis. |
| 5. | Publisher | Organizing agency, location | Rossijskoe Obschestvo Dermatovenerologov i Kosmetologov |
| 6. | Contributor | Sponsor(s) | |
| 7. | Date | (DD-MM-YYYY) | 29.09.2020 |
| 8. | Type | Status & genre | Peer-reviewed Article |
| 8. | Type | Type | Research Article |
| 9. | Format | File format | PDF (Rus), |
| 10. | Identifier | Uniform Resource Identifier | https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/1141 |
| 10. | Identifier | Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | 10.25208/vdv1141 |
| 11. | Source | Title; vol., no. (year) | Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii; Vol 96, No 3 (2020) |
| 12. | Language | English=en | ru |
| 13. | Relation | Supp. Files |
Fig. 1. The back of a patient with COVID-19 experiencing skin manifestations in the form of maculopapular rash [8] (117KB) Fig. 2. Skin manifestations in COVID-19: a — maculopapular rash on the lumbar region [8]; b — maculo-hemorrhagic rash on the lower extremities [8] (404KB) Fig. 3. Skin manifestations on the abdomen in COVID-19 in the form of papulo-vesicular rash [8] (40KB) Fig. 4. Skin manifestations on the lower extremities in COVID-19 in the form of petechial skin rash (hemorrhagic vasculitis) (42KB) Fig. 5. Skin manifestations in the area of the ankle joint (left) in COVID-19 in the form of petechial skin rash (hemorrhagic vasculitis) (46KB) Fig. 6. Skin manifestations in the area of the ankle joint (right) in COVID-19 in the form of petechial skin rash (hemorrhagic vasculitis) (36KB) Fig. 7. Skin manifestations on the abdomen in COVID-19 in the form of petechial skin rash [8] (26KB) Fig. 8. Skin manifestations on the internal surface of the thigh in COVID-19 in the form of petechial skin rash (hemorrhagic vasculitis) (44KB) Fig. 9. Skin manifestations on the abdomen in COVID-19 in the form of petechial skin rash [8] (39KB) Fig. 10. Clinical, microscopic and immunohistochemical pattern of the COVID-19 case [17]: a — noticeable rash like livedo reticularis on the feet; b — skin biopsy showing arterial thrombosis in the deep dermis (hematoxylin and eosin staining, х200); c — extensive endothelial and subendothelial deposits of C5b-9 within the thrombosed artery (diaminobenzidine, х400); d — the similar pattern of endothelial and subendothelial deposits of C4d is also observed inside the artery (diaminobenzidine, х400); e — biopsy of unchanged skin showing noticeable microvascular deposits of C5b-9 (diaminobenzidine, х400) (128KB) Fig. 11. Demonstration of the relationship of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and C4d in the skin [17]. The skin biopsy was stained with C4d, showing its pronounced vascular localization. When using the NUANCE software, the C4d has green fluorescense (b). The COVID-19 spike protein has red staining; the yellow color indicates the combined localization of C4d and the viral protein in the microcirculatory bloodstream of the skin (a). x600 (452KB) |
| 14. | Coverage | Geo-spatial location, chronological period, research sample (gender, age, etc.) | |
| 15. | Rights | Copyright and permissions |
Copyright (c) 2020 Khryanin A.A., Sturov V.G., Nadeev A.P., Bocharova V.К. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |