Biological Therapeutic Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis

Cover Page


Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease caused, inter alia, by violations of the barrier function of the skin and pathological immune response in the form of an imbalance of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes with increased production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-31. Treatment of severe forms of atopic dermatitis is not an easy task due to the variability of the individual response to treatment, the short duration of the therapeutic effect and the frequent development of undesirable phenomena associated with the use of existing methods of systemic immunosuppressive therapy. The study of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis made it possible to identify the spectrum of molecular targets, providing the basis for researching alternative variants to the previously used systemic therapy methods – genetic engineering biological preparations. Contemporary data on the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis as well as potential molecular targets for innovative biological preparations, the efficacy of which has been evaluated through clinical trials, are presented in the review. 

About the authors

A. A. Kubanova

State Scientific Centre of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow

Author for correspondence.
Email: fake@neicon.ru
Korolenko str., 3, bldg 6, 107076 Россия

A. A. Kubanov

Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow

Email: fake@neicon.ru
Barrikadnaya str., 2/1, 123995 Россия

A. E. Karamova

State Scientific Centre of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow

Email: fake@neicon.ru
Korolenko str., 3, bldg 6, 107076 Россия

D. V. Proshutinskaya

State Scientific Centre of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow

Email: fake@neicon.ru

Korolenko str., 3, bldg 6, 107076

Barrikadnaya str., 2/1, 123995

Россия

References

  1. Самсонов В. А., Знаменская Л. Ф., Резайкина С. Ю. и др. Патогенетические подходы к лечению атопического дерматита. Materia Medica. 2000;(1):50–59. [Samsonov V. A., Znamenskaya L. F., Rezajkina S. Yu. i dr. Patogeneticheskie podhody k lecheniyu atopicheskogo dermatita. MateriaMedica. 2000;(1):50–59.]
  2. Кубанова А. А., Прошутинская Д. В., Текучева Л. В., Авдиенко И. Н. Интегральный подход к наружной терапии атопического дерматита. Вестник дерматологии и венерологии. 2010;(1):20–26. [Kubanova A. A., Proshutinskaya D. V., Tekucheva L. V., Avdienko I. N. Integral approach to the external therapy of atopic dermatitis.Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii. 2010;(1):20–26.]
  3. Аксенова О. И., Марченко В. Н., Монахов К. Н. Состояние вегетативной нервной регуляции у больных атопическим дерматитом. Вестник современной клинической медицины. 2014;7(4):15–17. [Aksenova O. I., Marchenko V. N., Monahov K. N. Sostoyanie vegetativnoj nervnoj regulyacii u bol’nyh atopicheskim dermatitom. Vestnik sovremennoj klinicheskoj mediciny. 2014;7(4):15–17.]
  4. Мельников В. Л., Рыбалкин С. Б., Митрофанова Н. Н., Агейкин А. В. Некоторые клинико-эпидемиологические аспекты течения атопического дерматита на территории Пензенской области. Фундаментальные исследования. 2014;(10-5):936–940. [Mel’nikov V. L., Rybalkin S. B., Mitrofanova N. N., Agejkin A. V. Nekotorye kliniko-ehpidemiologicheskie aspekty techeniya atopicheskogo dermatita na territorii Penzenskoj oblasti. Fundamental’nye issledovaniya. 2014;(10-5):936–940.]
  5. Bissonnette R., Papp K. A., Poulin Y., et al. Topical tofacitinib for atopic dermatitis: a phase IIa randomized trial. Br J Dermatol. 2016;175(5):902–911.
  6. Bieber T. Atopic dermatitis. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1483–1494.
  7. Lam J., Friedlander S. F. Atopic dermatitis: a review of recent advances in the field. Pediatric Health. 2008;2(6):733–747.
  8. DaVeiga S. P. Epidemiology of atopic dermatitis: a review. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2012;33(3):227–34.
  9. Федеральные клинические рекомендации: Дерматовене- рология 2015: Болезни кожи. Инфекции, передаваемые половым путем. М.: Деловой экспресс, 2016. [Federal’nye klinicheskie rekomendacii: Dermatovenerologiya 2015: Bolezni kozhi. Infekcii, peredavaemye polovym putem. M.: Delovoj ehkspress, 2016.]
  10. Дифференциальная диагностика кожных болезней. Руководство для врачей. Под редакцией Беренбейна Б. А., Студницина А. А. М.: Медицина, 1989. [Differencial’naya diagnostika kozhnyh boleznej. Rukovodstvo dlya vrachej. Pod redakciej Berenbejna B. A., Studnicina A. A. M.: Medicina, 1989.]
  11. Балаболкин И. И. Аллергические заболевания у детей в районах с промышленным загрязнением. Педиатрия. 1995;74(4):59– 60. [Balabolkin I. I. Allergicheskie zabolevaniya u detej v rajonah s promyshlennym zagryazneniem. Pediatriya. 1995;74(4):59–60.]
  12. Böhm I., Bauer R. Th1 cells, Th2 cells and atopic dermatitis (in German). Hautarzt. 1997;48(4):223–227.
  13. Brandt E. B., Sivaprasad U. Th2 Cytokines and Atopic Dermatitis. J Clin Cell Immunol. 2011;2(3):110.
  14. Eyerich K., Novak N. Immunology of atopic eczema: overcoming the Th1/Th2 paradigm. Allergy. 2013;68(8):974–982.
  15. Сергеев Ю. В., Новиков Д. К., Караулов А. В., Сергеев А. Ю. Атопический дерматит: гетерогенность клинических форм и разнообразие механизмов патогенеза. Иммунопатология, аллергология, инфектология. 2001;(3):61–73. [Sergeev Yu. V., Novikov D. K., Karaulov A. V., Sergeev A. Yu. Atopicheskij dermatit: geterogennost’ klinicheskih form i raznoobrazie mekhanizmov patogeneza. Immunopatologiya, allergologiya, infektologiya. 2001;(3):61–73.]
  16. Репецкая М. Н. Аллергодерматозы у детей, проживающих в зонах влияния неблагоприятных экологических факторов в Перми. Российский педиатрический журнал. 2002;(5):12–15. [Repeckaya M. N. Allergodermatozyu detej prozhivayushchih v zonah vliyaniya neblagopriyatnyhehkologichesikh faktorov v Permi. Rossijskij pediatricheskij zhurnal. 2002;(5):12–15.]
  17. Кожевникова Т. Н., Сапожников В. Г., Томаева М. А. Распространенность симптомов атопических заболеваний у детей в условиях промышленного города. Третий Российский конгресс «Современные технологии в педиатрии и детской хирургии». М., 2004. С. 31. [Kozhevnikova T. N., Sapozhnikov V. G., Tomaeva M. A. Rasprostranennost’ simptomov atopicheskih zabolevanij u detej v usloviyah promyshlennogo goroda. Tretij Rossijskij kongress “Sovremennye tekhnologii v pediatrii i detskoj hirurgii”. M., 2004. S. 31.]
  18. Торопова Н. П., Сорокина К. Н., Лепешкова Т. С. Атопический дерматит детей и подростков – эволюция взглядов на патогенез и подходы к терапии. Российский журнал кожных и венерических болезней. 2014;17(6):50–59. [Toropova N. P., Sorokina K. N., Lepeshkova T. S. Atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents: Evolution of views on the pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches. Russian journal of skin and venereal diseases. 2014;17(6):50–59.]
  19. Jordan H. F., Todd G., Sinclair W., Green R. J. Aetiopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. S Afr Med J. 2014;104(10):706-709.
  20. Novak N. An update on the role of human dendritic cells in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2012;129:879–886.
  21. Irvine A. D., McLean W. H., Leung D. Y. Filaggrin mutations associated with skin and allergic diseases. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:1315– 1327.
  22. Bisgaard H., Simpson A., Palmer C. N. et al. Gene-environment interaction in the onset of eczema in infancy: filaggrin loss-of-function mutations enhanced by neonatal cat exposure. P LoS Med. 2008;5(6):e131.
  23. Schuttelaar M. L., Kerkhof M., Jonkman M. F. et al. Filaggrin mutations in the onset of eczema, sensitization, asthma. hay fever and interaction with cat exposure. Allergy. 2009;64:1758–1765.
  24. McLean W. H., Palmer C. N., Henderson J. et al. Filaggrin variants confer susceptibility to asthma. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2008;121:1294–1295.
  25. Thyssen J. P., Kezic S. Causes of epidermal filaggrin reduction and their role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2014;134:792–799.
  26. Левашева С. В., Эткина Э. И., Гурьева Л. Л. и др. Мутации гена филаггрина как фактор нарушения регуляции эпидермального барьера у детей. Лечащий врач. 2016;(1):24–26. [Levasheva S. V., Etkina E. I., Gur’eva L. L. i dr. Mutacii gena filaggrina kak faktor narusheniya regulyacii ehpidermal’nogo bar’era u detej. Lechashchij vrach. 2016;(1):24–26.]
  27. Руководство по гистологии: в 2-х т. Под. ред. Р. К. Данилова. Санкт-Петербург: СпецЛит, 2011. [Rukovodstvo po gistologii: v 2-h t. Pod. red. R. K. Danilova. Sankt-Peterburg: SpecLit, 2011.]
  28. Sandilands A., Sutherland C., Irvine A. D., McLean W. H. Filaggrin in the frontline: role in skin barrier function and disease. J Cell Sci. 2009;122(Pt 9):1285–94.
  29. Аравийская Е. Р., Соколовский Е. В. Сухость кожи. Причины возникновения. Принципы коррекции. Журнал дерматовенерологии и косметологии. 2002;(2):10–13. [Aravijskaya E. R., Sokolovskij E. V. Suhost’ kozhi. Prichiny vozniknoveniya. Principy korrekcii. Zhurnal dermatovenerologi i kosmetologii. 2002;(2):10–13.]
  30. Thyssen J. P. Atopicdermatitis, filaggrinmutationsandirritantcontact dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 2013;168(2):233–234.
  31. Leung D. Y. New insights into atopic dermatitis: role of skin barrier and immune dysregulation. Allergol Int. 2013;62(2):151–161.
  32. Peng W., Novak N. Pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Allergy. 2015;45(3):566–574.
  33. Кохан М. М., Куклин И. А., Базарный В. В. Атопический дер- матит и злокачественные лимфомы кожи. Аллергология и иммунология. 2000;1(2):72. [Kohan M. M., Kuklin I. A., Bazarnyj V. V. Atopicheskij dermatit i zlokachestvennye limfomy kozhi. Allergologiya i immunologiya. 2000;1(2):72.]
  34. Боровик Т. Э., Макарова С. Г., Дарчия С. Н. и др. Кожа как орган иммунной системы. Педиатрия. 2010;89(2):132–136. [Borovik T. E., Makarova S. G., Darchiya S. N. i dr. Kozha kak organ immunnoj sistemy. Pediatriya. 2010;89(2):132–136.]
  35. Clark R. A., Chong B., Mirchandani N. et al. The vast majority of CLA+ T cells are resident in normal skin. J Immunology. 2006;176:4431– 4439.
  36. Deleuran M., Hvid M., Kemp K. et al. IL-25 induces both inflammation and skin barrier dysfunction in atopic dermatitis. ChemImmunol Allergy. 2012;96:45–49.
  37. Howell M. D., Fairchild H. R., Kim B. E. et al. Th2 cytokines act on S100/A11 to downregulate keratinocyte differentiation. J Invest Dermatol. 2008;128:2248–2258.
  38. Morizane S., Yamasaki K., Kajita A. et al. Th2 cytokines increase kallikreine 7 expression and function in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2012;130:259–261
  39. Danso M. O., van Drongelen V., Mulder A. et al. TNF-Į and Th2 cytokines induce atopic dermatitis-like features on epidermal differentiation proteins and stratum corneum lipids in human skin equivalents. J Invest Dermatol. 2014;134:1941–1950.
  40. Howell M. D., Parker M. L., Mustelin T., Ranade K. Past, present, and future for biologic intervention in atopic dermatitis. Allergy. 2015;70(8):887–896.
  41. Williams M. R., Gallo R. L. The role of the skin microbiome in atopic dermatitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2015;15:65.
  42. Czarnowicki T., Malajian D., Shemer A. et al. Skin-homing and systemic T-cell subsets show higher activation in atopic dermatitis versus psoriasis. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2015;136(1):208–211.
  43. Czarnowicki T., Gonzalez J., Shemer A. et al. Severe atopic dermatitis is characterized by selective expansion of circulating TH2/TC2 and TH22/TC22, but not TH17/TC17, cells within the skin-homing T-cell population. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2015;136(1):104–115.e7.
  44. Brauweiler A. M., Goleva E., Leung D. Y. Th2 cytokines increase Staphylococcus aureus alpha toxin-induced keratinocyte death through the signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6). J Invest Dermatol. 2014;134:2114–2121.
  45. Ong P. Y., Ohtake T., Brandt C. et al. Endogenous antimicrobial peptides and skin infections in atopic dermatitis. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:1151–1160.
  46. Kong H. H., Oh J., Deming C. et al. Temporal shifts in the skin microbiome associated with disease flares and treatment in children with atopic dermatitis. Genome Res. 2012; 22:850–859.
  47. Kobayashi T., Glatz M., Horiuchi K. et al. Dysbiosis and Staphyloccus aureus colonization drives inflammation in atopic dermatitis. Immunity. 2015;42:756–766.
  48. Каюмова Л. Н., Бакер С., Брускин С.А. и др. Современные представления об эпигенетических механизмах формирования атопического дерматита. Российский журнал кожных и венерических болезней. 2014;17(4):42–50. [Kayumova L.N., Baker S., Bruskin S.A. i dr. Modern concepts of the epigenetic mechanisms of atopic dermatitis formation. Russian journal of skin and venereal diseases 2014;17(4):42–50.]
  49. Ханбабян А. Б., Каюмова Л. Н., Кочергин Н. Г. Некоторые аспекты патогенеза и терапии атопического дерматита. Российский журнал кожных и венерических болезней. 2014;17(2):17–20. [Hanbabyan A. B., Kayumova L. N., Kochergin N. G. Some aspects in the pathogenesis and therapy of atopic dermatitis. Rossijskij zhurnal kozhnyh i venericheskih boleznej. Russian journal of skin and venereal diseases 2014;17(2):17–20.]
  50. Zhang B. X., Lyu J. C., Liu H. B. et al. Attenuation of peripheral regulatory T-cell suppression of skin-homing CD8+T cells in atopic dermatitis. Yonsei Med J. 2015;56(1):196–203.
  51. Phythian-Adams A. T., Cook P. C., Lundie R. J. et al. CD11c depletion severely disrupts Th2 induction and development in vivo. J Exp Med. 2010;207:2089–2096.
  52. Hammad H., Plaantinga M., Deswarte K. et al. Inflammatory dendritic cells-not basophils- are necessary and sufficient for induction of Th2 immunity to inhaled house dust mite allergen. J Exp Med. 2010;207:2097– 2011.
  53. Spergel J., Schneider L. Atopic dermatitis. The Internet Journal of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology. 1999;1(1). URL: http://ispub.com/ IJAAI/1/1/3902
  54. Boguniewicz M., Leung D. Y. Atopic dermatitis: a disease of altered skin barrier and immune dysregulation. Immunol Rev. 2011;242:233– 246.
  55. Kubo A., Nagao K., Yokouchi M. et al. External antigen uptake by Langerhans cells with reorganization of epidermal tight junction barriers. J Exp Med. 2009;206:2937–2246.
  56. Yoshida K., Kubo A., Fujita H. et al. Distinct behavior of human Langerhans cells and inflammatory dendritic epidermal cells at tight junctions in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2014;134:856–864.
  57. Tang T. S., Bieber T., Williams H. C. Are the concepts of induction of remission and treatment of subclinical inflammation in atopic dermatitis clinically useful? J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2014;133:1615–1625.
  58. Reekers R., Bushe M., Wittmann M. et al. Birch pollen-related foods trigger atopic dermatitis in patients with specific cutaneous T-cell responses to birch pollen antigens. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 1999;104:466– 472.
  59. Werfel T., Ahlers G., Schmidt P. et al. Milk-responsive atopic dermatitis is associated with a casein-specific lymphocyte response in adolescent and adult patients. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 1997;99:124–133.
  60. Yoo J., Omori M., Gyarmati D. et al. Spontaneous atopic dermatitis in mice expressing an inducible thymic stromal lymphopoietin transgene specifically in the skin. J Exp Med. 2005;202:541–549.
  61. Oyoshi M. K., Larson R. P., Ziegler S. F. et al. Mechanical injury polarizes skin dendritic cells to elicit a T(H)2 response by inducing cutaneous thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2010;126:976–984.
  62. Suarez-Farinas M., Tintle S.J., Shemer A. et al. Nonlesional atopic dermatitis skin is characterized by broad terminal differentiation defects and variable immune abnormalities. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127:954–964.
  63. Gittler J. K., Shemer A., Suarez-Farinas M. et al. Progressive activation of T(H)2/T(H)22 cytokines and selective epidermal proteins characterizes acute and chronic atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130:1344–1354.
  64. Wang Y. H., Angkasekwinai P., Lu N. et al. IL-25 augments type 2 immune responses by enhancing the expansion and functions of TSLP-DCactivated Th2 memory cells. J Exp Med. 2007;204:1837–1847.
  65. Hvid M., Vestergaard C., Kemp K. et al. IL-25 in atopic dermatitis: a possible link between inflammation and skin barrier dysfunction? J Invest Dermatol. 2011; 131:150–157.
  66. Nakajima S., Kiton A., Egawa G. et al. IL-17A as an inducer atopic dermatitis models. J Invest Dermatol. 2014;134:2122–2130.
  67. Otsuka A., Kabashima K. Mast cells are required for full expression of allergen/SEB-indused skin inflammation. J Invest Dermatol. 2013;70:131–140.
  68. Nakamura Y., Oscherwitz J., Cease K. B. et al. Staphylococcus d-toxin induces. Nature. 2013;503:397–401.
  69. Novak N., Peng W. M., Bieber T. et al. FcİRI stimulation promotes the differentiation of histamine receptor 1-expressing inflammatory macrophages. Allergy. 2013;68:454–461.
  70. Luger T., De Raeve L., Gelmetti C. et al. Recommendations for pimecrolimus 1% cream in the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis: From medical needs to a new treatment algorithm. Eur J Dermatol. 2013;23(6):758–766.
  71. Ревякина В. А. Современные подходы к наружной терапии атопического дерматита у детей. Лечащий врач. 2010;10(1):23–26. [Revyakina V. A. Sovremennye podkhody k naruzhnoi terapii atopicheskogo dermatita u detei. Lechashchii vrach. 2010;10(1):23–26.]
  72. Sidbury R., Davis D. M., Cohen D. E. et al; American Academy of Dermatology. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 3. Management and treatment with phototherapy and systemic agents. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;71(2):327–349.
  73. Roekevich E., Spuls P. I., Kuester D. et al. Efficacy and safety of systemic treatment for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a systemic review. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133 (2):429–438.
  74. Fernández-Antón Martínez M. C., Leis-Dosil V., AlfagemeRoldán F. et al. Omalizumab for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2012;103(7):624–628.
  75. Heil P. M., Maurer D., Klein B. et al. Omalizumab therapy in atopic dermatitis: depletion of IgE does not improve the clinical course – a randomized, placebo-controlled and double blind pilot study. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2010;8(12):990–998.
  76. Iyengar S. R., Hoyte E. G., Loza A. et al. Immunologic effects of omalizumab in children with severe refractory atopic dermatitis: A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2013;162(1):89–93.
  77. Krathen R. A., Hsu S. Failure of omalizumab for treatment of severe adult atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;53:338–340.
  78. Hotze M., Baurecht H., Rodríguez E. et al. Increased efficacy of omalizumab in atopic dermatitis patients with wild-type filaggrin status and higher serum levels of phosphatidylcholines. Allergy. 2014;69(1):132–135.
  79. Гильдеева Г. Н., Кудлай Д. А., Лукьянов С. В. Механизмы действия ритуксимаба. Экспериментальная и клиническая фармакология. 2015;78(12):51–56. [Gil’deeva G. N., Kudlaj D. A., Luk’yanov S. V. Mekhanizmy dejstviyarituksimaba. EHksperimental’naya i klinicheskaya farmakologiya. 2015;78(12):51–56]
  80. Leandro M. J., Edwards J. C. W., Cambridge G. Clinical outcome in 22 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with B lymphocyte depletion. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61:883–888.
  81. Edwards J. C., Szczepanski L., Szechinski J. et al. Efficacy of B-cell-targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:2572–2581.
  82. Lipsky P. E. Systemic lupus erythematosus: an autoimmune disease of B cell hyperactivity. Nature Immunol. 2001;2:764–766.
  83. Silverman G. J. Anti-CD20 therapy and autoimmune disease: therapeutic opportunities and evolving insights. Front Biosci. 2007;12:2194– 2206.
  84. Jirapongsananuruk O., Hofer M. F., Trumble A. E. et al. Enhanced expression of B7.2 (CD86) in patients with atopic dermatitis: a potential role in the modulation of IgE synthesis. J Immunol. 1998;160:4622–4627.
  85. Takemura S., Klimiuk P. A., Braun A. et al. T cell activation in rheumatoid synovium is B cell dependent. J Immunol. 2001;167:4710–4718.
  86. Simon D., Hösli S., Kostylina G. et al. Anti-CD20 (rituximab) treatment improves atopic eczema. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;121(1):122– 128.
  87. Sedivá A., Kayserová J., Vernerová E. et al. Anti-CD20 (rituximab) treatment for atopic eczema. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;121(6):1515– 1516;1516–1517 (author reply). doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.03.007
  88. Montes-Torres A., Llamas-Velasco M., Pérez-Plaza A. et al. Biological Treatments in Atopic Dermatitis. J Clin Med. 2015;4(4):593–613.
  89. Bao L., Zhang H., Chan L. S. The involvement of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in chronic inflammatory skin disease atopic dermatitis. JAKSTAT. 2013;2(3):e24137.
  90. Hamilton J. D., Ungar B., Guttman-Yassky E. Drug evaluation review: dupilumab in atopic dermatitis. Immunotherapy. 2015;7(10):1043– 1058.
  91. Sehra S., Yao Y., Howell M. D. et al. IL-4 regulates skin homeostasis and the predisposition toward allergic skin inflammation. J Immunol. 2010;184(6):3186–3190.
  92. Hijnen D., De Bruin-Weller M., Oosting B. et al. Serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and cutaneous T cell-attracting chemokine (CTACK) levels in allergic diseases: TARC and CTACK are disease-specific markers for atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004;113(2):334–340.
  93. Kakinuma T., Nakamura K., Wakugawa M. et al. Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine in atopic dermatitis: Serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine level is closely related with disease activity. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;107(3):535–541.
  94. Hamilton J. D., Suárez-Fariñas M., Dhingra N. et al. Dupilumab improves the molecular signature in skin of patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;134(6):1293–1300.
  95. Beck L. A., Thaçi D., Hamilton J. D. et al. Dupilumab treatment in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(2):130–139.
  96. Auriemma M., Vianale G., Amerio P., Reale M. Cytokines and T cells in atopic dermatitis. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2013;24(1):37–44.
  97. Grimstad O., Sawanobori Y., Vestergaard C. et al. Anti-interleukin31-antibodies ameliorate scratching behaviour in NC/Nga mice: A model of atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol. 2009;18(1):35–43.
  98. Nobbe S., Dziunycz P., Mühleisen B. et al. IL-31 expression by inflammatory cells is preferentially elevated in atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol. 2012;92(1):24–28.
  99. Takaoka A., Arai I., Sugimoto M. et al. Involvement of IL-31 on scratching behavior in NC/Nga mice with atopic-like dermatitis. Exp Dermatol. 2006;15(3):161–167.
  100. Nemoto O., Furue M., Nakagawa H. et al. The first trial of CIM331, a humanized antihuman interleukin-31 receptor A antibody, in healthy volunteers and patients with atopic dermatitis to evaluate safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of a single dose in a randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled study. Br J Dermatol. 2016;174(2):296–304.
  101. Dillon S. R., Sprecher C., Hammond A. et al. Interleukin 31, a cytokine produced by activated T cells, induces dermatitis in mice. Nat Immunol. 2004;5(7):752–760.
  102. Simon D., Aeberhard C., Erdemoglu Y., Simon H. U. Th17 cells and tissue remodeling in atopic and contact dermatitis. Allergy. 2014;69(1):125–131.
  103. Puya R., Alvarez-López M., Velez A. et al. Treatment of severe refractory adult atopic dermatitis with ustekinumab. Int J Dermatol. 2012;51(1):115–116.
  104. Смольянникова В. А., Кубанова А. А., Чикин В. В., Карамова А. Э. Формирование воспаления и зуда у больных атопическим дерматитом и псориазом. Oценка экспрессии нейротрофинов и нейропептидов. Вестник дерматологии и венерологии. 2014;(6):77–85. [Smol’yannikova V. A., Kubanova A. A., CHikin V. V., Karamova A. E. Inflammation and itching in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Assessment of the expression of eurotrophins аnd neuropeptides . Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii. 2014;(6):77–85.]
  105. Batista D. I., Perez L., Orfali R. L. et al. Profile of skin barrier proteins (filaggrin, claudins 1 and 4) and Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in adults with atopic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(6):1091– 1095.
  106. Koga C., Kabashima K., Shiraishi N. et al. Possible pathogenic role of Th17 cells for atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol. 2008;128(11):2625– 2630.
  107. Fathi R., Armstrong A. W. The Role of Biologic Therapies in Dermatology. Med Clin North Am. 2015;99(6):1183–1194.
  108. Fernández-Antón Martínez M. C., Alfageme Roldán F., Ciudad Blanco C., Suárez Fernández R. Ustekinumab in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis: a preliminary report of our experience with 4 patients. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014;105(3):312–313.
  109. Ardern-Jones M. R., Black A. P., Ogg G. S. Anti-lymphocyte function associated antigen-1 inhibits T-helper 2 function of human allergenspecific CD4+ T cells. Br J Dermatol. 2008;158(3):456–462.
  110. Горячева Т. А., Самсонов В. А., Катунина О. Р. Клини- ко-иммуноморфологический анализ изменений содержания ключевых эффекторных клеток воспалительного инфильтрата кожи больных атопическим дерматитом под действием узкополосного (311 нм) спектра ультрафиолета. Вестник дерматологии и венерологии. 2009;(6):52–58. [Goryacheva T. A., Samsonov V. A., Katunina O. R. Clinical, immune and morphologic analysis of changes In the key effector cells in the skin inflammatory infiltrate In patients with atopic dermatitis exposed to a narrow Wband (311 nm) uv spectrum. Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii. 2009;(6):52–58.]
  111. Ohmura T., Konomi A., Satoh Y. et al. Suppression of atopiclike dermatitis by treatment with antibody to lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 in NC/Nga mouse. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004;504(1–2):113–117.
  112. Takiguchi R., Tofte S., Simpson B. et al. Efalizumab for severe atopic dermatitis: a pilot study in adults. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56(2):222–7.
  113. Ibler K., Dam T. N., Gniadecki R. et al. Efalizumab for severe refractory atopic eczema: retrospective study on 11 cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010;24(7):837–839.
  114. Kothary N., Diak I. L., Brinker A. et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with efalizumab use in psoriasis patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;65(3):546–551.
  115. Ibler K. S., Jemec G. B. Novel investigational therapies for atopic dermatitis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2015;24(1):61–68.
  116. Корсакова Ю. Л. Перспективы применения нового препара- та устекинумаба в терапии псориаза и псориатического артрита. Док- тор.Ру. 2013;(6):62–69. [Korsakova Yu. L. Perspektivy primeneniya novogo preparata ustekinumaba v terapii psoriaza i psoriaticheskogo artrita. Doktor.Ru. 2013;(6):62–69.]
  117. Darsow U., Behrendt H., Ring J. (eds). New Trends in Allergy and Atopic Eczema. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers, 2012.
  118. Moul D. K., Routhouska S. B., Robinson M. R., Korman N. J. Alefacept for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis: a pilot study in adults. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;58(6):984–989.
  119. Simon D., Wittwer J., Kostylina G. et al. Alefacept (lymphocyte function-associated molecule 3/IgG fusion protein) treatment for atopic eczema. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2008;122(2):423–424.
  120. Harskamp C. T., Armstrong A. W. Immunology of atopic dermatitis: novel insights into mechanisms and immunomodulatory therapies. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2013;32(3):132–139.
  121. Lebas D., Staumont-Sallé D., Solau-Gervais E. et al. Cutaneous manifestations during treatment with TNF-alpha blockers: 11 cases (in French). Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2007;134(4 Pt 1):337–342.
  122. Mangge H., Gindl S., Kenzian H., Schauenstein K. Atopic dermatitis as a side effect of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy. J Rheumatol. 2003;30(11):2506–2507.
  123. Rullan P., Murase J. Two cases of chronic atopic dermatitis treated with soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor therapy. J Drugs Dermatol. 2009;8(9):873–876.
  124. Buka R. L., Resh B., Roberts B. et al. Etanercept is minimally effective in 2 children with atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;53(2):358–359.
  125. Jacobi A., Antoni C., Manger B. et al. Infliximab in the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;52(3 Pt 1):522–526.
  126. Farhangian M. E., Feldman S. R. Immunogenicity of biologic treatments for psoriasis: therapeutic consequences and the potential value of concomitant methotrexate. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2015;16(4):285–294.
  127. Schafer P. Apremilast mechanism of action and application to psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012;83(12):1583– 1590.
  128. Gooderham M., Papp K. Selective Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors for Psoriasis: Focus on Apremilast. Bio Drugs. 2015;29(5):327–239.
  129. Samrao A., Berry T. M., Goreshi R., Simpson E. L. A pilot study of an oral phosphodiesterase inhibitor (apremilast) for atopic dermatitis in adults. Arch Dermatol. 2012;148(8):890–897.
  130. Volf E. M., Au S. C., Dumont N. et al. A phase 2, open-label, investigator-initiated study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of apremilast in subjects with recalcitrant allergic contact or atopic dermatitis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2012 Mar;11(3):341-346.
  131. Bissonnette R., Papp K.A., Poulin Y., Gooderham M., Raman M., Mallbris L. et al. Topical tofacitinib for atopic dermatitis: a phase IIa randomized trial. Br J Dermatol]. 2016;175(5):902–911.
  132. Kabashima K. New concept of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis: interplay among the barrier, allergy, and pruritus as a trinity. J Dermatol Sci. 2013;70(1):3–11.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2017 Kubanova A.A., Kubanov A.A., Karamova A.E., Proshutinskaya D.V.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 60448 от 30.12.2014.


This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies