Cephalosporins of the third generation for the treatment of gonorrhea



Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

The article presents the data on antibiotic resistance and N. gonorrhoeae mechanisms for developing resistance to
antimicrobial drugs belonging to different pharmacologic groups and applied for causal treatment of gonorrhea. The
article proves the key problem related to the treatment of gonococcal infection in Russia lies in the prevalence of strains
being resistant to most of the antibacterial drugs that used to be applied in the clinical practice on a broad scale and
efficiently. So, cephalosporins of the third generation are presently the only drug type that N. gonorrhoeae remains
sensitive to. Their application ensures the maximum efficacy against the gonococcal infection. According to the presentday
international recommendations complying with the WHO criteria as well as accumulated experience, cefixime, a drug
belonging to cephalosporins of the third generation, can be a drug of choice for the antibacterial therapy of gonorrhea
along with ceftriaxon.

References

  1. Hook E.W.I., Handsfield H.H. Gonococcal infections in the adult. In: Holmes K.K., Sparling P.F., Stamm W.E. et al., editors. Sex Transmit Dis New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical, 2008: 627-45.
  2. Ebers Papyrus. From New World Encyclopedia. Available at <http://www.newworldencyclopedia>. org/entry/Ebers_Papyrus.
  3. Neisser A.L.S. Ueber eine der Gonorrhoe eigentümliche Micrcoccenform. Centralblatt für die medicinischen Wissenschaften, Berlin 1879 (28): 497-500.
  4. Available at: <http://www.cdc.gov/std/stats08/> tables/12.htm. Accessed 17 May 2010.
  5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2010. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) 2010; 59 (RR-12): 1-114.
  6. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Annual Epidemiological Report on Communicable Diseases in Europe 2010. Stockholm: ECDC; 2010.
  7. Резистентность возбудителей ИППП к антибактериальным препаратам. Информационный бюллетень 2009. Москва: ООО «ДЭКС-ПРЕСС», 2009: 52.
  8. Turner C.F., Rogers S.M., Miller H.G. et al. Untreated gonococcal and chlamydial infection in a probability sample of adults. JAMA 2002; 287(6): 726-33.
  9. Brandt A.M. No Magic Bullet: A Social History of Venereal Disease in the United States since 1880. New York: Oxford University Press; 1987. pp. 304.
  10. Dees J.E., Colston J.A.C. The Use of Sulfanilamide in Gonococcic Infections. JAMA 1937; 108: 1855-58.
  11. Reyn A., Korner B., Bentzon M.W. Effects of penicillin, streptomycin, and tetracycline on N. gonorrhoeae isolated in 1944 and in 1957. Brit J Vener Dis 1958; 34(4): 227-39.
  12. Sparling P.F. Antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Med Clin N Amer 1972; 56(5): 1133-44.
  13. Holmes K.K., Johnson D.W., Floyd T.M. Studies of venereal disease. I. Probenecid-procaine penicillin G combination and tetracycline hydrochloride in the treatment of «penicillin- resistant» gonorrhea in men. JAMA 1967; 202(6): 461-73.
  14. Brannigan J.A., Tirodimos I.A., Zhang Q.Y. et al. Insertion of an extra amino acid is the main cause of the low affinity of penicillin-binding protein 2 in penicillin-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Molec microbiol 1990; 4 (6): 913-9.
  15. Ropp P.A., Hu M., Olesky M., Nicholas R.A. Mutations in ponA, the gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 1, and a novel locus, penC, are required for high-level chromosomally mediated penicillin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46 (3): 769-77.
  16. Dougherty T.J. Peptidoglycan biosynthesis in Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains sensitive and intrinsically resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. J Bact 1983; 153 (1): 429-35.
  17. Faruki H., Kohmescher R.N., McKinney W.P., Sparling P.F. A community-based outbreak of infection with penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae not producing penicillinase (chromosomally mediated resistance). New Engl J Med 1985; 313 (10): 607-11.
  18. Yoshida S., Urabe S., Mizuguchi Y. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns of penicillinase-positive and penicillinase-negative strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Fukuoka, Japan. Brit J vener Dis 1982; 58 (5): 305-7.
  19. Ison C.A., Bindayna K.M., Woodford N. et al. Easmon CS. Penicillin and cephalosporin resistance in gonococci. Genitour Med 1990; 66 (5): 351-6.
  20. Phillips I. Role of cephalosporins in gonorrhoea and other sexually transmitted diseases. Drugs 1987; 34 Suppl 2: 164-79.
  21. Ashford W.A., Golash R.G., Hemming V.G. Penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Lancet 1976; 2 (7987): 657-8.
  22. Perine P.L., Thornsberry C., Schalla W. et al. Evidence for two distinct types of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Lancet 1977; 2 (8046): 993-5.
  23. Percival A., Rowlands J., Corkill J.E. et al. Penicillinase-producing Gonococci in Liverpool. Lancet 1976; 2 (8000): 1379-82.
  24. Wang S.A., Lee M.V., O'Connor N. et al. Multidrug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae with decreased susceptibility to cefixime-Hawaii, 2001. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37 (6): 849-52.
  25. Ameyama S., Onodera S., Takahata M. et al. Mosaic-like structure of penicillin-binding protein 2 Gene (penA) in clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced susceptibility to cefixime. J. antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46 (12): 3744-9.
  26. Yokoi S., Deguchi T., Ozawa T. et al. Threat to cefixime treatment for gonorrhea. Emerging infect Dis 2007; 13 (8): 1275-7.
  27. Lindberg R., Fredlund H., Nicholas R. et al. Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates with reduced susceptibility to cefixime and ceftriaxone: association with genetic polymorphisms in penA, mtrR, porB1b, and ponA. J. antimicrobial Agents Chemother 2007;51(6):2117-22.
  28. Ito M., Deguchi T., Mizutani K.S. et al. Emergence and spread of Neisseria gonorrhoeae clinical isolates harboring mosaic-like structure of penicillin-binding protein 2 in Central Japan. J. antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49 (1): 137-43.
  29. Tanaka M., Nakayama H., Huruya K. et al. Analysis of mutations within multiple genes associated with resistance in a clinical isolate of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced ceftri- axone susceptibility that shows a multidrug- resistant phenotype. Int J. antimicrob Agents 2006; 27 (1): 20-6.
  30. Martin I.M., Hoffmann S., Ison C.A. European Surveillance of Sexually Transmitted Infections (ESSTI): the first combined antimicrobial susceptibility data for Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Western Europe. J. antimicrob Chemother 2006; 58 (3): 587-93.
  31. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2007 Supplement, Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP) Annual Report 2007. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, March 2009. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/std/gisp2007/GISPSurvSup <http://www.cdc.gov/std/gisp2007/GISPSurvSup->p2007Short.pdf.
  32. Kobayashi I., Kanayama A., Saika T. et al. Tendency toward increase in the frequency of isolation of beta-lactamase-nonproducing Neisseria gonorrhoeae exhibiting penicillin resistance, and recent emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2003; 9 (2): 126-30.
  33. Кунцевич Л.Д., Никулин Н.К., Жукова Г.И. и др. Динамика чувствительности к пенициллину и бета-лактамазпродуцирующая способность гонококков. Вестн. дерматол. и венерол. 1999; 1: 35-37.
  34. Страчунский Л.С., Сехин С.В., Борисенко К.К. и др. Чувствительность гонококков к антибиотикам и выбор препаратов при гонококковой инфекции. Инфекции, передаваемые половым путем, 1999; 2: 26-29.
  35. Резистентность возбудителей ИППП к антибактериальным препаратам. Информационный бюллетень, 2010 г. М.: ООО «ДЭКС- ПРЕСС», 2010.
  36. Hooper D.C. Quinolone mode of action. Drugs 1995; 49 Suppl 2: 10-15.
  37. Adams D.E., Shekhtman E.M., Zechiedrich E.L. et al. The role of topoisomerase IV in partitioning bacterial replicons and the structure of catenated intermediates in DNA replication. Cell 1992; 71 (2): 277-88.
  38. Yoshida H., Bogaki M., Nakamura M., Nakamura S. Quinolone resistance-determining region in the DNA gyrase gyrA gene of Escherichia coli. J. antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990; 34 (6): 1271-72.
  39. Pottumarthy S., Fritsche T.R., Jones R.N. Activity of gemifloxacin tested against Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates including antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes. Diagnost microbiol infect Dis 2006; 54 (2): 127-34.
  40. Lewis D.A., Brook M.G., Shafi M.S. High level ciprofloxacin resistant gonorrhoea imported from Russia. Genitourin Med 1997; 73 (4): 325-6.
  41. Vereshchagin V.A., Ilina E.N., Malakhova M.V. et al. Fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from Russia: molecular mechanisms implicated. J. antimicrob Chemother 2004; 53 (4): 653-56.
  42. Roberts M.C., Chung W.O., Roe D. et al. Erythromycin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae and oral commensal Neisseria spp. carry known rRNA methylase genes. J. antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43 (6): 1367-72.
  43. Rouquette-Loughlin C.E., Balthazar J.T., Shafer W.M. Characterization of the MacA-MacB efflux system in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. antimicrob Chemother 2005; 56 (5): 856-60.
  44. Zarantonelli L., Borthagaray G., Lee E.H., Shafer W.M. Decreased azithromycin susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae due to mtrR mutations. J. antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43 (10): 2468-72.
  45. Ng L.K., Martin I., Liu G. et al. Mutation in 23S rRNA associated with macrolide resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46 (9): 3020-25.
  46. Bignell C. 2009 European (IUSTI/WHO) guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhoea in adults. Int J STD & AIDS 2009; 20 (7): 453-7.
  47. Johanson U., Hughes D. A new mutation in 16S rRNA of Escherichia coli conferring spectinomycin resistance. Nuc acids Res 1995; 23 (3): 464-6.
  48. Boslego J.W., Tramont E.C., Takafuji E.T. et al. Effect of spectinomycin use on the prevalence of spectinomycin-resistant and of penicillinase- producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae. New Eng J Med 1987; 317 (5): 272-8.
  49. Chopra I., Roberts M. Tetracycline antibiotics: mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2001; 65 (2): 232-60.
  50. Unemo M., Shipitsyna E., Domeika M. Recommended antimicrobial treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea in 2009 in 11 East European countries: implementation of a Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial susceptibility programme in this region is crucial. Sex Tran51. WHO. Guidelines for the management of sexually transmitted infections. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2003.
  51. WHO. Guidelines for the management of sexually transmitted infections. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2003.
  52. Moran J.S., Levine W.C. Drugs of choice for the treatment of uncomplicated gonococcal infections. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 20 Suppl 1: S47-65.
  53. CDC. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2006. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) 2006; 55(RR-11): 1-94.
  54. Faulkner R.D., Fernandez P., Lawrence G. et al. Absolute bioavailability of cefixime in man. J clin Pharmacol 1988; 28 (8): 700-6.
  55. Faulkner R.D., Bohaychuk W., Lanc R.A. et al. Pharmacokinetics of cefixime in the young and elderly. J antimicrob Chemother 1988; 21 (6): 787-94.
  56. Faulkner R.D., Bohaychuk W., Haynes J.D. et al. The pharmacokinetics of cefixime in the fasted and fed state. Eur J clini Pharmacol 1988; 34 (5): 525-8.
  57. Bialer M., Wu W.H., Faulkner R.D. et al. In vitro protein binding interaction studies involving cefixime. Biopharm drug Dispos 1988; 9 (3): 315-20.
  58. Barre J. [Pharmacokinetic properties of cefixime]. Presse Med 1989; 18 (32): 1578-82.
  59. Haizlip J., Isbey S.F., Hamilton H.A. et al. Time required for elimination of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from the urogenital tract in men with symptomatic urethritis: comparison of oral and intramuscular single-dose therapy. Sex Trans Dis 1995; 22 (3): 145-8.
  60. Jaffe H.W., Schroeter A.L., Reynolds G.H. et al. Pharmacokinetic determinants of penicillin cure of gonococcal urethritis. J antimicrobial Agents Chemother 1979; 15 (4): 587-91.
  61. Deguchi T., Yasuda M., Yokoi S. et al. Treatment of uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis by double-dosing of 200 mg cefixime at a 6-h interval. J Infect Chemother 2003; 9 (1): 35-9.
  62. Portilla I., Lutz B., Montalvo M. et al. Oral cefixime versus intramuscular ceftriaxone in patients with uncomplicated gonococcal infections. Sex Trans Dis 1992; 19 (2): 94-8.
  63. Ramus R.M., Sheffield J.S., Mayfield J.A. et al. A randomized trial that compared oral cefixime and intramuscular ceftriaxone for the treatment of gonorrhea in pregnancy. Amer J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 185 (3): 629-32.
  64. Genc M., Mardh P.A. Cost-effective treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea including co-infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. Pharm Econ 1997; 12 (3): 374-83.
  65. Unemo M., Shipitsyna E., Domeika M. Recommended antimicrobial treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea in 2009 in 11 East European countries: implementation of a Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial susceptibility programme in this region is crucial. Sex Transm Infect 2010.
  66. Приказ МЗ РФ № 415 от 20.08.2003 «Об утверждении протокола ведения больных «Гонококковая инфекция».
  67. Tapsall J.W. Implications of current recommendations for third-generation cephalosporin use in the WHO Western Pacific Region following the emergence of multiresistant gonococci. Sex Transm Infect 2009; 85 (4): 256-8.
  68. Workowski K.A., Berman S.M. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44 Suppl 3: S73-6.
  69. Wilton L.V., Pearce G.L., Mann R.D. A comparison of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, azithromycin and cefixime examined by observational cohort studies. Brit J clin Pharmac 1996; 41 (4): 277-84.
  70. Theopold M., Benner U., Bauernfeind A. [Effectiveness and tolerance of cefixime in bacterial infections in the ENT area]. Infection 1990; 18 Suppl 3: S122-4.
  71. Available from URL: <http://romir.ru/news/res_> results/405.html. Accessed 07, Feb 2010.
  72. Pechere J.C., Hughes D., Kardas P., Cornaglia G. Non-compliance with antibiotic therapy for acute community infections: a global sur. Int J antimicrobi Agents 2007; 29 (3): 245-53.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2011 Frigo N.V., Guchev I.A., Sidorenko S.V., Lesnaya I.N., Solomka V.S., Frigo N.V., Guchev I.A., Sidorenko S.V., Lesnaya I.N., Solomka V.S.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 60448 от 30.12.2014.


This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies