Vol 86, No 6 (2010)

The article describes current concepts of the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. The authors describe the biological action of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its soluble receptors on body cells. They also provide data on the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the formation of skin and joint inflammatory affections at psoriasis. The authors substantiate treatment of medium to severe forms of psoriasis with biological gene-engineered anti-cytokine drugs, and provide and their comparative characteristics.

Tacrolimus (FK506) is the first drug from the new class of drugs - calcineurin inhibitors. It has a great potential and can change the current approaches to treatment of different dermatoses. Topical forms of Tacrolimus are activated due to the effect on T-lymphocyte signal transduction, and they also inhibit gene transcription. As a result, the T-cell response to antigens is alleviated. Percutaneous absorption of Tacrolimus in affection foci is higher than in healthy skin. Due to this a smaller amount of the drug is absorbed by the skin as long as the skin is healed. Systemic absorption of Tacrolimus is low in the course of treatment. The maximum clinical experience has been gained in the field of applying Tacrolimus for treatment of atopic dermatitis. In a number of clinical studies, 0.03-0.3% Tacrolimus ointment efficiently reduced the severity of symptoms and course of atopic dermatitis in adults and children. Moreover, topical treatment with Tacrolimus did not involve any substantial toxic effects. The patients most often complained of local irritations in the area where the ointment was applied, which were transient by nature and did not demand the drug withdrawal. Today Tacrolimus is a valuable and safer alternative to glucocorticosteroids for treatment of atopic dermatitis. It can also be used for treating other dermatoses, which demands additional all-round examination.

The authors assessed the efficacy of complex treatment for patients with circumscribed alopecia using the biological feedback method. As compared to the drug treatment, the complex method makes it possible to improve the treatment results and increase the duration of remissions

The article describes results of a study involving 346 women who received a combination therapy with antibiotics for pulmonary tuberculosis for more than a year. Vulvovaginal candidosis was revealed in 158 (45.7 %) of them. Candida аlbicans were the prevalent pathogen: it was found in 103 (77.4%) patients. The article describes complaints, clinical manifestations and changes in the immunology indices of the vaginal secretion in this group of patients.

A case study of the classical form of a rare form of inherited dermatosis, Mibellis disease, featuring unilateral position of the foci in a child aged 3. A histological examination revealed aggregations of parakeratotic cells in epidermis being characteristic of Mibellis disease.

The endogenous intoxication syndrome manifested in the form of excessive accumulation of low and mean molar mass substances in plasma and urine as well as increased blood plasma concentrations of malonic dialdehyde against the background of reduced alpha-tocopherol was revealed in psoriatic patients with the concomitant hepatobiliary system pathology. Application of Ademetionine in the dose of 800 mg per day for 15 days as a part of the complex therapy for such patients as opposed to the patients receiving standard therapy resulted in reliable reduction in the severity of clinical manifestations of the disease and PASI value as well as decrease in the concentration of low and mean molecular mass substances in plasma and erythrocytes, reduction in the blood plasma malonic dialdehyde concentration and increase in alpha-tocopherol.

The article presents the results of a study of efficacy of using Aicida, a cosmetic drug with such an active substance as ASD (Dorogovs antiseptic stimulator) in a liposomal form providing for the target delivery of the drug to deep skin tissues, for treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis. It also demonstrates high efficacy and good tolerance of the cosmetic product in patients with medium to severe forms of atopic dermatitis.

There was a clinical and laboratory study of the efficacy of complex treatment with Longidaza, a Russian enzyme drug, in 30 patients suffering from circumscribed scleroderma. High efficacy of treatment for different clinical forms of circumscribed scleroderma using this method was proved. A positive effect of the complex therapy on the results of ultrasonic skin examination in the affection foci and individual blood immunology indices was revealed.

The article presents data confirming the efficacy of external application of Locobase Repair cream and Atoderm cream in a combination with hydrocortisone 17-butyrate 0.1% (Locoid ointment) in children aged from 6 months to 12 years suffering from moderate atopic dermatitis. The patients were followed up for a year. The treatment efficacy was estimated according to the dynamics of the SCORAD index and skin instrumental examination indices (corneometry, tewametry and pH-metry). The life quality in children younger than 5 years was estimated based on the Childrens Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI). The external therapy mentioned above resulted in the decreased frequency of atopic dermatitis exacerbations, their reduced severity, increased duration of inter-recurrent periods and reduced need in topical corticosteroids.

The article presents data on molecular and genetic studies of mechanisms of development of androgenic alopecia as well as correlation between polymorphism of the androgen receptor gene by the CAG repeat length in exon 1 and androgen-dependent diseases including alopecia.

The authors describe lines of drugs developed on the basis of structurally modified hyaluronic acid. They demonstrate their effect on the synthesis of collagen fibers and state of intercellular matrix. They also present the results of studies of efficacy of using these drugs for correction of involutional skin changes.

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