Vol 101, No 5 (2025)

Analysis of main indicators of dermatovenereology service of the Russian Federation in 2022–2024 is presented in the paper, including the following: the number of specialized medical organizations and departments, provision of the population of the Russian Federation with dermatovenereologists, dermatovenereologic beds, performance bed rates of dermatovenereologic 24-hour and day hospitals. The incidence of sexually transmitted infections in the entire population of the Russian Federation is presented: the incidence of various forms of syphilis, gonococcal infection, trichomoniasis, chlamydial infection, anogenital herpes viral infection and anogenital venereal warts; the contribution of foreign citizens to syphilis incidence is estimated. The prevalence and incidence rates of skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases by class, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, other dermatitis (eczema), localized scleroderma, discoid lupus erythematosus. for the entire population of the Russian Federation are described.

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) includes a group of diseases characterized by varying severity, possible damage to visceral organs, and various outcomes ranging from complete regression of the rash to death. The initial clinical manifestations of EBS do not allow for predicting further course of the disease, however clinical and genetic correlations may be used for this purpose. We analyzed the literature from the PubMed and RSCI databases to characterize the clinical and genetic correlations in EBS. The analysis revealed that the most severe course of skin lesions in patients with EBS is associated with mutations in the KRT5 and KRT14 genes which alter the HIP (helix initiation peptide) and HTP (helix termination peptide) motifs in the corresponding proteins as well as the helical regions of keratins 5 and 14. The study also identified factors that can reduce reliability of predicting the course of EBS using clinical and genetic correlations. These include the degree of difference in the physical and chemical properties of the mutant and wild-type amino acids in case of missense mutations as well as the possible influence of other gene variants that may contribute to the clinical presentation of the disease. Detection of PLEC1 gene mutations suggests the possibility of developing muscular dystrophy, KLHL24 cardiomyopathy, CD151 nephropathy and deafness over the course of an EBS patient’s life. Thus, clinical and genetic correlations have been established that can be used to predict the course of EBS, and limitations for their application have been determined.

Background. According to the World Health Organization, about 85 % of the global population suffers from acne. Isotretinoin, showing high clinical efficacy, is widely used for the treatment of moderate forms of this disease. This article presents an analysis of the clinical experience with isotretinoin in patients with moderate acne. The use of Lidose innovative patented technology allows for a 20% reduction in the daily dose of the active ingredient without compromising the clinical efficacy of the product which can improve its tolerability and enhance patient compliance.

Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of isotretinoin, developed using Lidose technology, at doses of 8 mg and 16 mg.

Methods. This study analyzed data from 915 patients who received an innovative form of isotretinoin developed using Lidose technology over the past 5 years. All patients were treated for moderate to severe acne. The product dose was 0.4–0.8 mg/kg body weight per day.

Results. Isotretinoin therapy showed high efficacy in the treatment of moderate to severe acne. Clinical remission defined as complete or almost complete resolution of skin rashes (IGA score of 0 or 1) was achieved in 872 patients (95.3%). A significant improvement in skin condition, characterized by reduction in acne severity by ≥ 2 points on the Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA) scale, was observed in 700 patients (76.4%) after 3 months of therapy. Generally, the number of inflammatory sites (papules, pustules, and nodules) decreased by 89.2% by the end of the treatment course (p < 0.001).

Conclusion. The innovative dosage form of isotretinoin developed using Lidose technology is characterized by high efficacy and good tolerability. This allows to consider it as a full-fledged alternative to the original isotretinoin with optimized bioavailability which ensures therapeutic effect at reduced dosages.

The diagnosis of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas is a challenging clinical task due to nonspecific nature of the skin manifestations in this disease. Since 2015, dermatoscopy has been used as an additional research method for the diagnosis of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas. Dermatoscopy is an inexpensive, non-invasive, and painless diagnostic method that allows to quickly obtain additional information about the disease. Currently known dermatoscopic signs, taking into account clinical and history data, may suggest a diagnosis of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. The article clearly demonstrates the possibilities of dermatoscopy in the diagnosis of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas. However, dermatoscopy cannot replace the pathomorphological and immunohistochemical study of a skin biopsy which is the “golden standard” required for the diagnosis of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. In some cases, a molecular genetic screening is performed to determine B-cell clonality in primary marginal zone cutaneous lymphomas with a pronounced T-cell component.

The article describes a case report of Norwegian scabies in a 36-year-old patient with Down syndrome who lived in a psychiatric nursing home. The diagnosis was made by a dermatovenerologist during an annual periodic medical examination in 2009. There was a total (generalized) skin lesion in the form of erythroderma and massive scales on the forehead and scalp as well as on the distal parts of the upper and lower extremities. On the skin of the trunk and extremities, there were widespread papular elements, erosions, purulent and hemorrhagic crusts, and lichenification. Attention should be paid to the fact that typical scabies was detected a year earlier, which can often occur as in-hospital outbreaks in medical and preventive institutions of this type. The recurrence of the disease could have been caused by inadequate control of the therapy by the patient himself and those around him — other patients in the nursing institution — as well as by poor hygiene habits and specific characteristics of the immune defense of the skin in patients with Down syndrome (such as T- and B-cell lymphopenia, decrease in the specific antibody response to immunization, defects in neutrophil chemotaxis, excessive free radical oxidation of cell membrane lipids, genetically determined by trisomy 21).