Vol 89, No 1 (2013)

The article presents data from Russian and foreign sources related to the etiology of foot mycosis and onychomycosis. In spite of the substantial spread of data by countries and regions of the world, dermatophytes play a leading part in the etiology of foot mycosis and onychomycosis, and Trichophyton rubrum is found in most studies in more than one half of all cases. Yeast-like fungi of the Candida genus as well as mold fungi belong to less frequent pathogens of foot mycosis. However, they play a greater role in countries with hot and humid climate such as Brazil, Indonesia, Columbia and India. These data are important for the determination of organizational measures aimed at the early diagnostics of patients, timely treatment and implementation of anti-epidemic and disinfectant measures.

Objective. To determine the efficacy of Glucophage, a biguanide manufactured by MERCK SANTE s.a.s) (France), in the treatment of women with acne, ovarian hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. Materials and methods. The study involved 65 women aged 20—40, who were administered Glucophage (a biguanide) for a year. The dynamical analysis of acne components and mean values of the acne dermatology index was performed, the therapeutic effect was assessed, and the subjects underwent gynecological and anthropometric examinations as well as laboratory tests: blood hormone level; urine steroid profile; metabolic status; cholesterol, triglycerides and blood biochemistry test as well as ultrasonic examination of small pelvis organs and sebometry. Results. The treatment reduced the acne dermatology index by 89.12%; the therapeutic effect was achieved in 84.62% of the patients; the treatment also produced a positive effect on anthropometric characteristics and resulted in the normalization of the hormonal status, urine steroid profile indices as well as lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and moderate suppression of the skin fat secretion. Conclusion. The treatment of women suffering from acne, ovarian hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance with Glucophage normalized carbohydrate metabolism, hormonal status and urine steroid profile, which resulted in a positive therapeutic effect on acne.

According to the results of a study that involved 32 psoriatic patients, nevi with the diameter exceeding 5 mm are found in 68.8% of patients including 36% of patients with iatrogenic melanoma development risk factors (treatment with methotrexate and phototherapy), 50% of patients with anamnestic (burn injuries including vesication at the age below 18) and 4.5% of patients with inherited risk factors (melanoma in their relatives). As many as 32.4% of the nevi met the dysplastic nevi criteria in the course of the Pehamberger model analysis.

The authors provide a case study of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (histiocytosis X) in a two-year-old girl. They describe major stages of the etiology and pathogenesis as well as clinical forms of the disease. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (histiocytosis X) is a rare disease characterized by lesions of the skin and internal organs.

Filaggrin is a key protein participating in the differentiation of epidermal cells, which prevents any excessive transepidermal water loss and contributes to the maintenance of skin barrier properties. Mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) are among the most important factors predisposing to the development of atopy. Today correct skin care comprising the use of moisturizing and softening products forms an integral part of the therapy for patients with atopic dermatitis and an important component of measures aimed at the reduction of the number of exacerbations and extension of the remission.